垂直轴阻力型风力机气动特性分析及优化设计工程力学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 Savonius 风力机是典型的阻力型垂直轴风力机,由芬兰萨沃纽斯(Savonius)于 20 世纪 30 年代发明，因其转速较低,风能利用系数低于其他类型的风力机而发展 缓慢。但 S 型风力机具有结构简单、造价便宜、维修及安装方便、无需调风装置 和启动力矩大等优点，近年来受到越来越多研究者的关注。 本文主要采用计算流体力学的数值模拟方法，利用有限体积法对 Savonius 式 风力机的气动特性进行计算，并在此基础上对 S 型风力机进行了优化设计。 论文内容主要分三部分：风轮几何模型的简化及网格模型的建立；S 型风力机 的气动参数对风力机气动性能影响的研究；S 型风力机的优化设计。利用 k-e 模型 对不同攻角下的 S 型风力机进行数值计算可以获得不同攻角下的风轮叶片的力矩 及力矩系数，对不同转速和风速下的风力机进行非定常数值计算，可以获得不同 状态下风轮的功率系数及功率、力矩等数据，通过这些数据可对 S 型风力机的气 动性能进行研究分析，并可为 S 型风力机的优化设计提供重要的理论依据和数据 支持。 关键词：Savonius 风力机，数值模拟方法，风轮气动性能，风能利用率，优化设计 ABSTRACT Savonius wind turbine, invented by Savonius in the 1930s, is a typical resistance-type vertical axis wind turbine. Because of its low rotating speed, the rotor power coefficient of Savonius wind turbine is lower than other types of wind turbines, and the development is slow. However the S-type wind turbines have lots of advantages, such as simpler structure , lower cost, easy maintenance and installation, large staring torque and needless to use adjustable device. so more and more researchers have concerned about it in recent years. In this thesis, adoptive method mainly is numerical simulation method based on computational fluid dynamics. The aerodynamic performances of Savonius wind turbine were computed by finite volume method, and the optimization of S-type wind turbine have been done base on its computational results. The thesis includes three parts, one is simplification of geometric model and constructing the grid model, another is the influences of S-type wind turbine aerodynamic parameters to the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine, and the last is the optimization of S-type wind turbine. Adopting k-e model, the numerical calculation for S-type wind turbine can obtain the value of the rotor torque and torque coefficient in the different angles of attack .And the unsteady numerical calculation for S-type wind turbine can obtain the values of the power coefficient and torque coefficient in the different wind speeds and rotor speeds. Using these data,