辽西朝阳地区农村的环境污染的现状及防治对策.docVIP

辽西朝阳地区农村的环境污染的现状及防治对策 　　摘要 农村生态环境、农产品安全问题以及农村环境污染防治已成为各级政府工作中新的重点和难点。针对辽西朝阳地区农村生态环境污染日趋严重的客观现实，深入调研，总结分析了当前农村生态环境污染的现状、类型及特点，提出了防治农村生态环境污染的对策及措施，对加强农村生态环境保护，治理农村面源污染以及促进农村社会、经济和生态环境可持续发展具有重要的现实指导意义。 　　关键词 农村；生态环境污染；环境保护；防治对策；辽宁朝阳 　　中图分类号 X50 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2015）16-0212-01 　　Current Situation and Its Countermeasures of Rural Environmental Pollution in Chaoyang Area of Western Liaoning Province 　　WANG Xiao-xia 1 FENG Shu-xia 1 LONG Liu-sheng 2 　　（1 Meteorological Bureau Ecological and Agricultural Meteorology Center of Chaoyang City in Liaoning Province，Chaoyang Liaoning 122000； 　　2 Environmental Supervision Bureau of Chaoyang City） 　　Abstract The rural ecological environment，safety problems of agricultural products and environmental pollution control in rural areas have become the focus and difficulty of the work of governments at all levels in the new.According to the objective reality，pollution of ecological environment in the western rural Chaoyang area is becoming more and more serious research，this paper summarized and analyzed the status quo，types and characteristics of present rural ecological environment pollution，and put forward some countermeasures of prevention and control of pollution of the rural ecological environment，which had reference for strengthening the rural ecological environment protection，controlling non-point source pollution in rural areas and promoting the sustainable development of rural society，economy and the ecological environment sustainable development. 　　Key words rural area；ecological environmental pollution；environmental protection；countermeasures；Chaoyang Liaoning 　　近年来，随着农村经济的快速发展，农村生态环境问题的严峻性和紧迫性也日益凸显[1]。朝阳市是农业大市，地处辽宁省西部，属典型的生态环境脆弱区，亟需对农村生态环境进行治理[2]。 　　资源环境和农业生产关系较为密切，水、土壤和大气既是资源，又是环境要素[3-4]。朝阳地区农业生产逐渐集约化，现代化进程加快，农业环境问题更加突出，农村生态环境、农产品安全问题及农村环境污染防治已成为朝阳地区生态环境保护工作中新的难点和重点。 　　1 农村环境问题成因分析 　　1.1 种植业生产污染 　　农村最大的污染源来自于种植业。有关统计数据表明，朝阳地区的农膜污染呈上升趋势。仅2011年农用塑料薄膜使用量达3万余t，按照30%～40%残膜率计算，平均每年约有1万t残留在土壤中，农膜残留量逐年增加，造成土壤结