基于风险分析报警管理.PDFVIP

基于风险分析的报警管理 1 2 2 2 鲁毅 刘昳蓉 袁小军 冯双虎 北京华清国诚安全技术有限公司 摘要：危险与可操作性研究（HAZOP ）是一种定性的风险分析方法，用于辨识设计缺陷、工艺 危害及操作性问题的结构化、系统化分析方法。考虑到 HAZOP 分析过程中关于后果及现有措施 分析时存在量化不足等局限性因素，因此本文引进报警管理理念，通过 HAZOP 与报警管理的有 效结合，可在设计阶段基于 HAZOP 分析的原因后果，对现有措施中报警进行半定量评估以确定 其不同的优先级，同样对在役装置的报警系统进行诊断分析，评估报警有效性，识别现有报警系 统的不足，提出针对性的方案，可避免因此而带来的经济损失。 本文通过对国内外发生的多种化工事故的原因分析，指出产生事故均与报警管理的缺陷有 关，不完善的报警管理可能导致不必要的停车，降低了装置的平稳安全运行的能力。本文以国内 某变换装置为例，分析了基于HAZOP 分析的报警管理在设计阶段及在役阶段等不同阶段的应用， 并举例说明了报警分级及 KPI 指标评估的具体方法。 关键词：HAZOP ；报警管理；报警分级；KPI 指标 Alarm Management based on Risk Analysis 1 2 2 2 Lu Yi , Liu Yirong , Yuan Xiaojun , Feng Shuanghu (Industry Risk Control, Beijing, 100025, China) Abstract: HAZOP is a qualitative method used to systematically identify hazards in the design and operation phase of a plant. Considering the limitation that HAZOP consequence and safeguard are difficult to further quantitative analysis, the alarm management principle will be introduced in the articles as follows. By using the method from alarm management, the process alarms as HAZOP safeguard can be classified to several different level according to the severity of scenario consequence and response time. For the operating plant, the alarm system can be optimized by analyzing KPI indicators to avoid the safety risk occurrence and property loss due to shutdown and restart of plant. Base on analysis consequence of chemical accidents, the conclusion is that design defects and deficiencies of alarm management has become one of the main causes. Incomplete alarm management can lead to unplanned plant shutdown and reduce performance of the p