伊犁喀什河流域生态景观格局剖析.docVIP

伊犁喀什河流域生态景观格局剖析 　　摘要:通过景观生态学的分类方法,结合遥感,对喀什河上的景观进行分类分析,结果表明,喀什河全流域山地景观的优势度显著大于绿洲景观的优势度。山地草原草甸景观具有最大的景观优势度,其次就是山地林地景观。对于绿洲景观,农田和水域景观是优势度最高的,其次就是河谷草地与河谷林地景观。在整个喀什河流域中,山地草原草甸景观是优势景观。对喀什河流域上游区域来说,山地景观依然是优势景观,山地草原草甸景观具有最大的景观优势度,其次就是山地林地景观与山地裸岩景观。总的来说,喀什河流域中有植被覆盖的景观类占绝对优势,这反映了区域整体生态环境状况较好。 　　关键词:景观生态格局;景观优势度;喀什河流域 　　中图分类号:TP79;S757文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-1683(2010)01-0113-03 　　 　　Analysis of Ecological Landscape Pattern in Kashi River Basin of Yili 　　ZHOU Jian-qin1,2 ,ZHU Jin-zhao1, WU Hong-qi2 　　( 1.College of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083, China;2.College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumchi 830052, China) 　　 　　Abstract: This study was analyzed landscape classification in Kashi River by the classification method of landscape ecology and remote sensing.The results showed that the landscape dominance of mountainous region is larger than that of oasis landscape in the Kashi River basin; in which, landscape dominance of mountain meadow is first, and mountain woodland landscape second.For oasis landscape, landscape of farmland and water area is of the highest dominance, with river valley meadow and woodland landscape follows.Mountain prairie and mountain meadow landscape are dominant landscape in whole Kashi river basin.Mountain landscape is also dominant landscape in upper reaches of Kashi River, landscape dominance of mountain meadow is also most apparently, the second is mountain woodland and mountain bare rocks landscape.In a word, this kind of landscape covered by vegetation takes absolute dominant landscape in the whole basin of Kashi River, reflecting ecological environment is bettering in the region. 　　Key words: landscape ecological pattern;landscape dominance;Kashi River basin 　　 　　1 研究区概况 　　 　　伊犁喀什河是伊犁河流域内仅次于特克斯河的第二大支流,发源于依连哈比尔尕山冰川地带,从东向西,穿行于婆罗科努山和阿吾拉勒山之间,形成喀什河谷地。介于东经81°50′～84°45′,北纬43°25′～44°20′之间。流域形状呈狭长的柳叶形,为羽状水系,沿途有40余条支流汇入,北岸多于南岸。其径流的补给方式:以冰川积雪融水补给为主,降雨补给为辅,地下水补给次之的混合