住院患者医院感染病例剖析及防控.docVIP

住院患者医院感染病例剖析及防控 　　[摘要] 目的 调查住院患者医院感染的情况并进行分析，以控制和预防医院感染的发生。 方法 选取2012年12月～2013年11月在我院住院治疗的10024例患者进行调查，调查内容包括医院感染的发生率、感染部位、病原菌情况以及医院感染的危险因素等。 结果 本次研究共调查住院患者10024例，发生医院感染367例，医院感染发生率为3.66%；医院感染部位中，上呼吸道感染占首位，发生率为46.05%（169/367）；在发生医院感染的169例患者中，共检出病原菌101株，检出率为59.76%（101/169），以鲍曼不动杆菌占首位，占感染总数的26.73%（27/101）；经统计分析昏迷、化疗、长期卧床、动静脉插管、免疫抑制剂是医院感染的危险因素，需重点预防。 结论 医院感染主要为上呼吸道感染为主，且以鲍曼不动杆菌感染较为常见，昏迷、化疗、长期卧床、动静脉插管、免疫抑制剂是医院感染的危险因素，需重点关注并予以防范。 　　[关键词] 住院患者；医院感染；调查分析 　　[中图分类号] R181.3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616（2015）14-106-03 　　Analysis and prevention of the nosocomial infections on the inpatients 　　CHEN Longhui CHEN Changhong YANG Zeyu 　　The 5th Affiliated （Zhuhai ） Hospital of Zunyi Medical College， Zhuhai 519100， China 　　[Abstract] Objective To research and analyze the situation of nosocomial infections on the inpatients so as to control and prevent the occurrence of hospital infection. Methods 10024 patients who were hospitalized in our hospital from December 2012 to November 2013 were researched. The research included the incidence of nosocomial infections， infection sites， situation of pathogen， the dangerous elements of hospital infection and so on. Results Among the 10024 patients， 367 suffered nosocomial infections， with the incidence of 3.66%. Among the sites of nosocomial infections， upper respiratory tract infection accounted for the first， with incidence of 46.05%（169/367）. Among the 169 patients， 101 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected with detection rate of 59.76%（101/169）， among which the acinetobacter baumannii accounted for the most， with infection rate of 26.73%（27/101）. Through statistical analysis， coma， chemotherapy， long-term bed， arteriovenous intubation and immunosuppressant were the dangerous factors of hospital infection so that it should be importantly prevented and controlled. Conclusion Respiratory tract infection， especially acinetobacter infection， was the main infection of nosocomial infections. Coma， chemotherapy， long-term bed， arterio