优秀女子拳击运动员后手直拳鞭打动作技术剖析.docVIP

优秀女子拳击运动员后手直拳鞭打动作技术剖析 　　摘 要：目的：报道尚未见对女子拳手的后手直拳鞭打技术动作进行分析， 　　为提高女子拳击运动员的技术水平提供参考依据。方法：运用三维高速摄像和表面肌电技术对沈阳体育学院的8名优秀女子拳击运动员的后手直拳动作进行运动学和表面肌电分析。结果：实验结果显示，后手直拳击打过程中主动肌的激活顺序为三角肌前束、肱三头肌和尺侧腕屈肌，由近侧环节到远侧环节依次激活。髋关节、肩关节、肘关节、腕关节、手的峰值速度依次为3.04±0.68 m/s、5.35±0.31 m/s、9.09±0.91 m/s、9.63±1.12 m/s、10.03±1.27 m/s，由远侧关节到近侧关节依次递增。结论：后手直拳击打动作属于鞭打技术动作类。? 　　关键词：女子拳击；后手直拳；鞭打动作? 　　中图分类号：G804.66文献标识码：A文章编号：1007-3612(2011)01-0064-03? 　　Analysis on Whipping Movement of Straight Punch to the Female Boxers 　　? 　　GUO Feng?1，ZHANG Ri?hui?1, TANG Guang?da?2? 　　(1.Department of Human Sports Science, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102，Liaoning China；?2. Affiliated Competitive Sports School, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102，Liaoning China)? 　　Abstract:object：The paper takes the female boxer’s technique of straight punch whipping movements as the object. Methods: Eight female boxers at the amateur level from Shenyang Sport University delivered straight punches, which were synchronously measured by surface myoelectric equipment and two high speed cameras.Results: The results showed that activation order was the deltoid anterior portion, triceps brachii and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles during the straight punches for agonistic muscles, respectively. The peak velocity was hip joint(3.04±0.68 m/s)、shoulder joint(5.38±0.31 m/s)、elbow joint(9.09±0.91 m/s)、wrist joint(9.63±1.12 m/s) and hand(10.03±1.27 m/s) respectively, which meant the peak velocity gradually increased from the proximal to distal. Conclusions: The straight punch belongs to whipping movements.? 　　Key words: female boxing；straight punches；whipping movement? 　　? 　　拳击运动是运动员通过两只拳头进行体能、技术和心理的较量，运动员技术水平高低是其在比赛中胜负的关键［1］。直拳作为拳击技击中的一种重要拳法,在实战中应用广泛,直拳的打法,一种是依靠整个身体的协调运动猛击对手,其目的在于一拳就打伤或打倒对手。另一种是仅依靠手臂的快速前伸击中对手,并接着施以一系列的组合拳逐渐打垮对手。直拳给对手的最大威胁就在于快速地将打击力量传递给对方，如何提高后手直拳的击打效果在实战中非常重要。国内将鞭打技术动作定义为：在克服阻力或自体位移过程中，上肢诸环节依次加速与制动，使末端环节产生极大速度的动作形式。教科书中写到，人体四肢结构类似于鞭子，它们近端环节质量大，末端环节质量小。因此在做鞭打动作时，鞭根(近端环节)先加速挥动，获得动量，然后制动，在制动过程中，动量向鞭梢(末端环节)传递。由于鞭