《土木工程专业外文翻译--对水的保护（适用于外文翻译+中英文对照）》-毕业论文.docVIP

w 外文文献及译文 文献、资料题目：PROTECTION AGAINST HAZARDS 院 （部）： 建筑工程学院 专 业： 土木工程 班 级： 土木081 姓 名： 学 号： 200811003192 指导教师： 翻译日期： 2012.5.4 3.1 PROTECTION AGAINST WATER Whether thrust against and into a building by a flood, driven into the interior by a heavy rain, leaking from plumbing, storm surge, or seeping through the exterior enclosure, water can cause costly damage to a building. Consequently, designers should protect buildings and their contents against water damage. Protective measures may be divided into two classes: floodproofing and waterproofing.Floodproofing provides protection against flowing surface water, commonly caused by a river overflowing its banks. Waterproofing provides protection against penetration through the exterior enclosure of buildings of groundwater, rainwater,and melting snow. Buildings adjacent to large water bodies may also require protection from undermining due to erosion and impact from storm driven waves. 3.4.1Floodproo?ng A ?ood occurs when a river rises above an elevation,called ?ood stage,and is not Prevented by enclosures from causing damage beyond its banks.Buildings con- Structed in a ?ood plain,an area that can be inundated by a ?ood,should be Protected against a ?ood with a mean recurrence interval of 100 years.Maps Showing ?ood-hazard areas in the United States can be obtained from the Federal InsuranceAdministrator,DepartmentofHousingandUrbanDevelopment,who Administers the National Flood Insurance Program.Minimum criteria for?ood- proo?ng are given in National Flood Insurance Rules and Regulations(Federal Register, vol.41,no.207,Oct.26,1976). Major objectives of ?oodproo?ng are to protect fully building and contents from Damage from a l00-year ?ood,reduce losses from more devastating ?oods,and Lower ?ood insurance premiums.Floodproo?ng,however,would be unnecessary if Buildings were not constructed in ?ood prone areas.Building in ?ood prone areas Should be avoided unless the risk to life is acceptable and construc