玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织再生能力相关性状遗传研究.PDF

Hereditas (Beijing) 2017 年 2 月, 39(2): 143 ―155 研究报告 玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织再生能力相关性状遗传研究 张晓玲，龙芸，葛飞，管中荣，张晓祥，王艳丽，沈亚欧，潘光堂 四川农业大学玉米研究所，成都 611130 摘要 : 本文对来源于美国、墨西哥和中国的 144 份不同玉米自交系幼胚胚性愈伤组织的再生能力相关性状进行 了研究，发现其再生能力受到环境、基因型及环境与基因型互作三方面的影响。其中各性状之间的相关性表现 为：绿点率(green embryonic callus rate, GCR)、分化率(embryonic callus differentiating rate, CDR)及再生绿苗数 (the plantlet number of embryonic callus regeneration, CPN) 之间呈极显著正相关，且这三者与褐化率 (embryonic callus browning rate, CBR)呈极显著负相关；两次继代的克隆指数(embryonic callus cloning index for the first subculture, CCI1; embryonic callus cloning index for the second subculture, CCI2) 呈显著正相关，且CCI2 与GCR 有一定的正相关关系，与CBR 呈负相关关系；生根率(embryonic callus rooting rate, CRR)则与GCR 、 CDR 及CPN 呈一定正相关。经过广义遗传力计算发现：胚性愈伤组织的两次继代克隆指数CCI1 、CCI2 和CRR 的遗传力较低，其他性状的遗传力较高。此外，经Ward 法双向聚类分析，共发现了11 个具有高再生能力的自 交系材料，且通过生根培养发现其再生绿苗的生根情况良好，因而可将它们作为玉米转基因受体的骨干自交系。 关键词 : 幼胚；胚性愈伤组织；再生能力；环境；基因型 A genetic study of the regeneration capacity of embryonic callus from the maize immature embryo culture Xiaoling Zhang, Yun Long, Fei Ge, Zhongrong Guan, Xiaoxiang Zhang, Yanli Wang, Yaou Shen, Guangtang Pan Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China Abstract : We carried out a study of regeneration capacities of embryonic callus from maize immature emb- ryo culture with 144 different inbred lines of natural groups from different countries, and found that the regenera- tion capacity was affected by three factors: environment, genotype and the interaction between the environment and genotype. We found that green embryonic callus rate (GCR), embryonic callus differentiating rate (CDR) and the plantlet number of embryonic callus regeneration (CPN) have significant positive correlations with each other, and they all have significant negative correlations with embryonic