2018-2019年高考英语学业水平测试一轮复习 阅读理解 第Ⅱ题 专题一 事 实细节类题目.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 2 第Ⅱ题　阅读理解 专题一　事实细节类题目 [命题特点] 针对原文具体叙述本身设问，可以直接或间接的从文中找到答案，常以who，which，what，where等设问。 [考查重点] (1)直接理解题(信息可在原文中直接找到答案)。 (2)语意转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换)。 [方法技巧] 1．查读法 (1)速读全文，明确段落中心句，掌握大意。 (2)按文章体裁、作者组材方式寻找关键信息词。 (3)找到细节，认真推敲甚至计算等。 2．按组材模式阅读(常见模式) (1)列举型：抓住作者所举事例。 (2)时间、空间型：掌握具体的时间、地点。 (3)分类、例证型：掌握例证的事实细节，以便得到答案。 (4)程序型：理清说明事物的顺序，从而得出答案。 (5)因果分析型：理清因果关系，从而推出答案。 (6)比较、对比型：通过比较，对比事实细节，找到答案。 (7)留意不含阿拉伯数字，但代表时间或数量的单词。 如：at dawn(黎明时)，score(20)，fortnight(14 days)，century(100 years)，quarter (eq \f(1,4)/15 minutes)，decade(10years)，a season(3 months)，week(7days)，couple (2个)，double/doubled(翻倍)，multiplied(乘)，be divided(除以)，average(平均)，sum(求和)，in all(总共)。 Passage 1 Last nights meteor(流星)shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers.According to Gabe Rothschild, Emerald Valleys mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky.What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the citys lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead. “My family was so frustrated，” admitted town resident Duane Cosby.“We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.” Astronomers—scientists who study stars and planets—have been complaining about this problem for decades.They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past.They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it. There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats, frogs，snakes，etc.For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating (迁徙的)birds.According to the International Dark－Sky Association，“100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.” Countless more animal casualties(伤