《原子分析英文》-精选课件.pptVIP

Atomic Spectroscopy;;;;Sample Introduction (common);;Sample Introduction;;;Flame AAS/AES Spray Chamber/Burner Configurations Samples are nebulized (broken into small droplets) as they enter the spray chamber via a wire capillary Only about 5% reach the flame Larger droplets are collected Some of the solvent evaporates Flow spoilers Cheaper, somewhat more rugged Impact beads Generally greater sensitivity;;In FAAS, a key consideration is the height above the burner that the analyte absorption is measured at (burner positions are adjustable)! Temperature value (adjusted using different fuel/oxidant ratios) and consistency are important.;;;ElectroThermal AAS (ETAAS, GFAAS);;Sources (for FAAS and ETAAS);;FAAS and ETAAS Considerations…;ICP-AES (ICP-OES);;;;;;Wavelength Separators for Atomic Spectroscopy;Double Beam AAS Instruments account for instability in the source. Other techniques are added to account for scattering if light in the sample and the absorption of light by non-atomic species in the sample. In the example shown here, P/Po is alternatively recorded by the instrument to cancel out short-term lamp fluctuations.;Deuterium Background Correction: A D2 lamp (continuum lamp) alternately passes light through the sample with the HCL. Analytes don’t absorb much D2 radiation since it is a continuum source. The light absorbed with the HCL light passes through the sample minus the light absorbed when the D2 radiation passes through is the signal that is measured.;Wavelength Separators for ICP-AES ;;;A Modern “Sequential” ICP with a Monochromator;A Modern “Simultaneous” ICP Design(most instruments sold now are simultaneous);An Earlier Polychromator Design used in ICP Instruments;