辽宁地区西北路径寒潮天气特征剖析.docVIP

辽宁地区西北路径寒潮天气特征剖析 　　摘要 利用NCEP/NCAP再分析资料、辽宁省逐日最低气温和逐日最大风速资料，对2006―2009年影响辽宁地区的区域性寒潮天气进行统计分析，将影响辽宁地区的寒潮冷空气路径归纳为3种（东北路径、西北路径和偏西路径），本文重点讨论：西北路径冷空气对辽宁地区的影响。结果表明：冷空气从源地到达西西伯利亚地区堆积加强后经内蒙中西部南下到辽宁，造成区域性寒潮天气；受高空槽前强暖平流的影响，寒潮暴发前1～2 d辽宁地区气温普遍回升10 ℃以上；寒潮冷空气从酝酿到暴发阶段500 hPa冷中心的强度基本稳定在-45 ℃左右，寒潮地面冷高压中心强度大多在1 040.0 hPa以上。从环流形势上看，小槽发展型占较大比例。 　　关键词 寒潮；西北路径；环流形势；辽宁地区 　　中图分类号 P467 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2015）10-0239-04 　　Analysis on Characteristics of the Northwest Route Cold Weather in Liaoning Area 　　CUI Yao-peng TAN Zheng-Hua WU He YU Tian-chong QU Yuan JIANG Lin-shan 　　（Benxi Bureau of Meteorological in Liaoning Province，Benxi Liaoning 117000） 　　Abstract Based on daily extreme minimum temperature data and maximum wind speed data and as well as NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data，the general features of the cold wave in Liaoning area were analyzed.The cold wave in Liaoning was divided into three paths： northwest path， northeast path and westerly path. The westerly path was further discussed in this paper.The results showed that the cold air from the source southward through central and western Neimenggu to Liaoning and caused regional cold weather in Liaoning after the accumulation and strengthen in West Siberia；The temperatures in Liaoning generally rised above 10 ℃ before the outbreaking of cold wave dued to the impact of strong warm advection in the font of upper trough；Temperature of the cold center at 500 hPa basically stable at around -45 ℃ from brewing to the outbreak of the cold wave；The surface cold high center over mostly in 1 040.0 hPa.The pattern of small trough developed accounted for a large proportion in the circulation situation. 　　Key words cold wave；the northwest path；the circulation situation；Liaoning Area 　　寒潮是中国常见的一种灾害性天气，寒潮和强冷空气带来的大风、降温对渔业、农业、畜牧业和交通运输等造成严重危害，是中国冬半年主要的气象灾害。专家学者对于20世纪50―60年代中国剧烈的寒潮天气研究深刻，但对近年来的情况研究较少。天气学原理与方法[1]系统介绍了冬季风与寒潮、冷空气的源地和路径、冷空气活动和天气、冷空气南下过程中的结构和变化，以及寒潮的天气形势等。张培忠等[2]对影响中国的寒潮冷高压进行了统计研究，指出冷高压主要出现在亚洲大陆中部，有2个冷中心，高压移动路径以自西向东为主。李 锋等[3]从北极区近30年环流变化