大学生良性压力与其心理健康的关系：基于幽默感的研究-应用心理学专业论文.docx

摘 要 Simmons 和 Nelson 对良性压力的研究做出了突出的贡献。他们认为良性压力是个 体通过对压力源的评价而做出的积极反应，以积极心理状态为主要指标；而负性压力则 是个体通过对压力源的评价而做出的消极反应，以消极心理状态为主要指标。在此基础 上，他们还提出了压力的整体模型，提出了 “ 积极情绪 ”(state PA) 、 “ 富有意 义”(meaningfulness)、“易于管理”(manageability)和“富有希望”(hope)是积极压力的潜在指 标。而对良性压力的测量主要就是对这些潜在指标的测量。 本研究采用文献分析、个体访谈和问卷调查等研究方法，探讨我国大学生的良性压 力并进行了相关研究。通过对 1228 名大学生进行调查，采用探索性因素分析、验证性 因素分析、结构方程模型和回归分析等多种统计分析方法，所得结论如下： 第一，我国大学生良性压力内容结构包括四个维度：积极情绪、富有意义、易于管 理和富有希望。大学生良性压力问卷的信效度达到了心理测量学的要求。 第二，不同性别和区域的大学生在良性压力内容的不同维度上存在显著差异。 第三，大学生良性压力中“积极情绪”对自我肯定和焦虑得分有着显著的负向影响； “富有意义” 对抑郁得分具有显著的负向影响作用；“易于管理”对自我肯定、抑郁和焦虑 得分有着显著的负向影响；“富有希望” 对自我肯定、抑郁和焦虑得分有着显著的负向 影响。 第四，在幽默感对大学生良性压力影响效果的调节效应研究中，幽默感对良性压力 与抑郁之间的关系具有显著的调节效应。 关键词：良性压力，幽默感，心理健康，大学生 I ABSTRACT Simmons and Nelson have been given many contributions to the study of eustress. Eustress is the positive response of a certain stressor, mainly indicated by the positive psychological states; distress is the negative response of a certain stressor, mainly indicated by the negative psychological states. On this basis, they also proposed the holistic model of stress, which suggested that state PA, meaningfulness, manageability and hope are potential indicates of eustress. These indicate are important for the measurement of eustress. Through some standard research methods such as literature review and survey investigation with 1228 Undergraduates of China. Such statistics as exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and regression analysis were applied for the data analysis. The conclusions were drawn as following: First, for Chinese undergraduates, eustress scale is comprised of four dimensions, namely state PA , meaningfulness, manageability and hope. The content validity of Undergraduates eustress questionnaire accuracy reaches psychometric requirements. Second, discussion about the demographical variables, effects on the contents of eustress. The demographical variables included Gender, Grade, Major, Homeplace, the single child and regional. It was found that the d