车载红外气体分析仪的设计与实现-机械电子工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 随着经济的发展，人们的生活水平迅速提高，人们对环境保护和人身安全也 更加的重视，对生活和工作环境中 CO2、CO 等气体的浓度进行定量监测与控制 成为日益增长的需求。目前随着红外检测技术的发展，利用红外气体吸收原理检 测气体这种方式体现出越来越多的优越性。本文基于红外气体吸收原理，采用 ATmega16 微处理器进行数据处理，实现了气体浓度的测量。 本文通过分析气体检测的研究现状和发展趋势，基于红外气体检测原理及方 法，构建了主从式控制的硬件平台，主机与从机通过串行异步通讯或 SPI 通讯， 从机作为一个独立的气体浓度检测模块，通过接收主机的控制命令实现相应的检 测和设置功能，主机接收到从机返回的检测数据，实现显示以及浓度超限报警的 功能。 论文对该分析仪的红外气体传感器部分和软、硬件进行了详细的设计。采用 AT89C52 作为主机，ATmega16 作为从机。从机结合信号处理，A/D 转换等外围 电路实现了气体浓度的测量，然后通过通信接口将检测的浓度数据传送给主机。 主机的显示模块完成主机接收数据的实时显示；报警模块实现气体浓度值超限后 的声光报警提示功能。软件设计结合硬件的功能，主要实现气体浓度信息的采集 到计算得出气体浓度值、检测得到的气体浓度值的实时显示以及相关参数的设置 等功能的相关算法。软件还设计了主/从机之间的通信协议，有效地提高了数据传 输的可靠性。 最后设计了气体配制系统，完成了气体分析仪的实验平台的搭建。通过实验 测量和对测试结果的详细分析，证明该分析仪设计合理，测得的气体浓度值满足 该车载红外气体分析仪设计之初所要达到的精度要求。 关键词：红外吸收，气体检测，红外气体传感器，单片机，主从式 III ABSTRACT With the development of society and the improvement of people’s living standard, more and more attention has been paid to the environmental protection and personal safety. Meanwhile, the demands for quantitative monitoring and control of the CO2, CO and other gases existed in living and working environment is becoming even more intense.At present, with the development of infrared detection technology, the advantages of gas detection by means of infrared gas absorption principle have been more and more obvious.By using the ATmega16 microprocessor to process datas, based on infrared gas absorption principle the paper have been realized the measurement of gas concentration. This paper analyzed the status of the gas detection research and development trends, then based on the theoretical of infrared gas detection, built a hardware platform of master-slave control, the master communicate with the slave through UART or SPI.The slave server as an independent gas concentration detection module, which realizes the function of detection and setting by receiving control commands from the master. The master receives data responsing from the slave, and realizes the function of displaying and outputting the alarm signal when the gas concentration overruns. I