《投资学第二章《利息》课件.pptVIP

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  • 2018-11-28 发布于广西
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证券投资学 资产组合理论 * —— 章 贤 军 xjunzh@126.com zufehz2009@126.com 课程脉络 确定性的现金流定价: 时间的维度 单期随机现金流定价: 风险的维度 Chapters 5,14-16 Chapters 6-13 Course Overview 确定性的现金流定价: 时间的维度 Topics: Interest NPV/IRR Yield Curve/Forward Rates Duration Convexity 利息Interest 本金和利息 Principal and Interest 单利Simple Interest 复利Compound Interest 有效利率Effective Interest Rate 基本的想法 一次投资主要看支出与收入的分布情况 如果用货币来描述支出和收入的话,就可以集中来讨论现金流 Cash Flow time x0 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 Principal and Interest Principal 本金: Amount invested Interest 利息: Rent paid on investment 比如你投资了 $1,回报率是 每年8%. 一年结束时,你收到 $1.08. $1.08 = $1.00 + $0.08 principal interest Principal and Interest 按照如下表示: A : Principal 本金 r : interest rate per period 每期的收益率 一期以后,你可以得到 A(1+r) A A(1+r) time 0 1 Principal and Interest 多期后的利息如何计算? 两种方法: Simple 单利 Compound 复利 A ??? time 0 10 Simple Interest 单利 Interest is proportional to the time invested. Time: 0 1 2 n Value: A A+Ar=A(1+r) A+A(2r)=A(1+2r) A(1+nr) A A(1+r) time 0 1 A(1+nr) n Money grows linearly Example 如果按照每年10%的单利借入5000元,5年后应该还多少? Let V = Final value, A = Principal, r = interest rate: Simple interest is not used often in practice. Interest Principal and Interest Simple Interest Compound Interest Effective Interest Rate Compound Interest 特征 Interest on Interest. Time: 0 1 2 n Value: A A(1+r) A(1+r)(1+r)=A(1+r)2 A(1+r)n A A(1+r) time 0 1 A(1+r)n n Money grows geometrically The rule of 72: 按照每年r% 复利的投资,大约过72/r 年可以翻倍。 Example: You deposit $100 at 7% interest compounded yearly. How much do you have after 10 years? 你按照7%的年复利率,投资了100元, 10年后能得到多少? 拇指法则Rule of Thumb 名义利率——Nominal Interest Rate 很多场合下比年复利还要频繁,比如每年复利m次. 传统:给出年复利率r,但按照每年复利次数m,计算复利 这样给出的复利率,就称为名义利率. r/m r/m r/m r/m m periods 0 1 Nominal Interest Rate 给出年复利率 r%,实际每年计复利m次, 半年后 (1+r/m)0.5m 一年后 (1+r/m)m 一年半后 (1+r/m)1.5m 如果投资了k期,那么本金增值为 (1+r/m)k r/m r/m r/m r/m m periods 0 1 Example: 按照8%的复利率投资了10元,每季度复利一次,三年后回报多少? Invest $10 at 8% compounded quarterly for 3 ye

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