使用频域高通滤波器增强图像.PPTVIP

* * Chapter 4: image enhancement in the frequency domain Why? it is easy to analyse some problem it can deal with insolvable problem in the spatial domain Chapter 4: image enhancement in the frequency domain fundamentals of image enhancement application of 2D-DFT Smoothing Frequency-Domain Filter Sharpening Frequency-Domain Filter Homo-morphic Filtering 4.1 fundamentals of enhancement 在频域空间，图像的信息表现为不同频率分量的组合。若能够让某个范围内的分量或某些频率的分量受到抑制而让其他分量不受影响，就可以改变输出图像的频率分布，达到不同增强的目的。 1.一般原理 2.频域增强的原理 卷积理论是频域技术的基础。 基本步骤： (1) Multiply the input image by (-1)x+y to center the transform. (2)Compute F(u,v),the DFT of the image from (1) (3) Multiply F(u,v) by a filter function H(u,v) (4) Compute the inverse DFT of the result in (3) (5) Obtain the real part of the result in (4) (6) Multiply the result in (5) by (-1)x+y (1) Lowpass filters (2) Highpass filters (3) Bandpass or bandblock filters (4) Homomorphic classify by characteristics of filter 4.2 application of 2D-DFT 1. image filters the slowest frequency component corresponds to the average gray level, the low frequencies correspond to the slowly varying components of image, the higher frequencies correspond to faster and faster gray level changes in image. select low-pass filter or high-pass filter Frequency properties Low-pass filter high-pass filter 2. image compression because the lower frequencies reflect the outline in an image, and the higher frequencies are reflection of image detail, coefficients of the higher frequencies are often set 0 to compress image. Another image 压缩率为：1.7：1 压缩率为：2.24：1 压缩率为：3.3：1 压缩率为：8.1：1 压缩率为：10.77：1 压缩率为：16.1：1 3. The convolution of two image 简化运算，提高计算速度 4.3 Smoothing Frequency-Domain Filter ideal lowpass Filter Butterworth lowpass Filter Gaussian lowpass Filter 1. ideal lowpass Filter 例： 使用频域低通滤波器处理图像 Matlab的实现： I=imread(‘LENA.gif’); subplot(331); imshow(I); I=double(I); f=fft2(I); g=fftshift(f); subplot(332); imshow(log(ab