耕播方式及氮肥运筹对小麦产量和生理特性的影响-作物专业论文.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE VI Abstract The main objective of this paper was to study the effects of interaction between farming methods and nitrogen application on physiological characteristics, yield and quality of winter wheat. The experiment was conducted at the test site of Guoyang agricultural technology promotion center in 2011-2012, and the winter wheat variety Wanmai 68 was selected as the material. Main result as follows: 1、Efects of farming methods and nitrogen application on population quality Population quality was extremely significance with farming methods and the optimal farming method was ploughing+crackdown+drilling, rotary tillage+crackdown+drilling the second. At rotary tillage+sowing, spike rate, LAI, dry matter accumulation and contribution of post-anthesis accumulation to grain significantly decreased. Ratio 4:6 was better than 5:5 and 6:4, population size was enlarged by ratio 4:6, what’s more, spike rate, LAI, dry matter accumulation and contribution of post-anthesis accumulation to grain significant increased. The interaction effect of farming metnods and basal-topdressing nitrogen ratio on wheat population quality was extremely significant. Ploughing +crackdown+drilling with ratio 4:6 combination treatment was the most conducive to optimize the population quality, spike rate was 51.47%, the maximum leaf area index was 7.28, the post-anthesis accumulation and contribution of post-anthesis accumulation to grain were 5307.57 kg·hm-2 and 53.29%. Ploughing +crackdown+drilling with ratio 5:5 and rotary tillage+crackdown+drilling with ratio 4:6 combination treaments were also better. 2、Efects of farming methods and nitrogen application on senescence of flag leaf Compared with rotary tillage+sowing, rotary tillage+drilling and rotary tillage+crack- down+drilling, SPAD value, SOD activity, POD activity and CAT activity in leaves in ploughing+crackdown+drilling were significantly higher, its MDA content was lower, the speed of flag leaf aging was