氮化铝、氧化铝纳米材料制备的研究-凝聚态物理专业论文.docx

摘要 摘要 氮化铝和氧化铝是两种性能优良、应用广泛的化合物。它们的纳米材料也 剧其优异的性能和广泛的应用前景而成为纳米领域研究的热点。本文用简单的 设备、工艺条件制备了这两种化合物的纳米材料。 以铝和氟化锁混合粉体为原料采用直接氮化法制备了氮化铝纳米线，该方 法的优点是所需设备简单、原料丰富、直接易行。研究表明， AIN纳米线为单晶 六方纤悴矿结构，表面不光滑且有非晶层。氟化锁和反应过程中遇入的氯气可 以起到促进铝粉氮化、提商纳米钱产量的作用。初步研究了铝和氯化镀的比例、 温度以及升温速度对合成纳米线的影响，获得了采用该方法制备氮化铝纳米绒 产量相对较高的制备条件:铝和氯化皱的比例为 3: 1，升温速度是lSCmin.t ， 反应随度是 11OOC 用铝和氟化镀混合粉体在氧气和氯气混合气体气氛中合成了推定肉的片状 氧化铝，该片状结构包含 α-Ah03和另外一种未知品型的氧化铝。并对铝和氟化 锁的比例、温度以及升榻速度等因素对合成纳米结构形貌的影响做了初步研究. 提出制备片状氧化铝相对较好的制备条件:铝和氯化钱的比例为 3:2，升温速度 是 5Cmin.J ，反应温度是1100C 0 采用 AAO 模板法和碳纳米管模板法相结合的方法制备了定向氧化铝纳米 线。首先使用化学气相沉积法，用乙快作碳源在 AAO 模板中制备走向碳纳米管 阵列，再用制备的碳纳米管阵列作模板，采用碳纳米管模版法用铝和氧化铝混 合粉体制备定向氧化铝纳米线.该方法可通过制备的 AAO 模板的孔径以及厚度 控制氧化铝纳米线的直役和长度，但制备的氧化铝纳米线是表面不光滑且有可 能包有碳化铝层的多晶. 关键词:氮化铝纳米线、直接氮化法、准定向片状氧化铝、定向氧化铝纳米钱 11 11 Abstract Abstract Aluminum nitride and alumina have many excellent properties and thus they had been used in many fields. Their nano-materials are also becoming one of hot research fields of nanotechnology because of their excellent performance and wide application. In this dissertation ，the nano-materials of two kinds of above compounds are synthesized by some simple devices and processes. AIN nanowires are synthesized by direct nitridation of AI NH4CI starting mixtures.ηlis method has the advantages of simpJe equipments ，rich raw materials and easily controlled process. 币le synthesized AIN nanowires have hexagonal single crystal structure covered with a thin amorphous layer. NH4CI and H2 introduced in the reaction process can promote the nitridation of aluminum and increase the yield of AIN nanowires. The effects of temperature ，heating rate and ratio of AJ一NH 4CI are studied. That the ratio of AI-NH4Cl is 3:1，the heating rate is IS.Cmin- 1 and the reaction temperature is IIOOC is considered to be better condition for AIN nanowire synthesis. AI一NH4CI mixture powers are used to fabricate quasi-aligned alumina platelets. ηle experiments are carried out in a horizontalωbe fumace in an Ar and H2 mixture gas flow (lO vol% H2). T