附件三冈比亚贸易政策审议秘书处报告摘要.docxVIP

1. The Gambia has maintained its generally open trade and investment regime since the last TPR in 2010. The main trade policy reform has been the adoption of the five-band ECOWAS Common External Tariff (CET) from 1 January 2017. 1. 自2010年上一次贸易政策审议以来，冈比亚一直保持着全面开放的贸易和投资制度。其采取的主要贸易政策改革是，自2017年1月1日起实行西非国家经济共同体共同对外关税(CET)，共分为五个档次。 2. The Gambia is the smallest country on the African mainland. It ranks among the poorest countries in the world, with a per capita income of less than US$500 and approximately half of the population of two million living below the poverty line (US$1.25/day). 2. 冈比亚是非洲大陆面积最小的国家，是世界上最贫穷的国家之一，人均收入低于500美元，全国200万人口中约半数生活在贫困线以下（每天1.25美元）。 3. The Gambia has weathered the global financial crisis relatively well, recording solid economic growth in the period 2007-10 (averaging over 5.6%). However, real GDP growth has been considerably weaker, averaging 2.9% in the period 2010-16, owing to mismanagement of public finances and mounting public debt, compounded by external shocks. 3. 冈比亚相对顺利地度过了全球金融危机，2007-2010年之间的经济形势增长强劲（平均增长率超过5.6%）。然而，2010-2016年期间，由于公共财政管理不善和公共债务不断增加，加上外部市场的冲击，冈比亚的实际国内生产总值增长大副下降，平均增长率为2.9%。 4. The Gambias new Government is facing a series of economic challenges, particularly in the area of public finance. The State continues to have an important role in the economy; virtually all state-owned enterprises are in financial distress. High government borrowing combined with tight monetary policy conditions, resulting in very high interest rates, has crowded out the private sector. While the country is open to foreign investment, economic growth has been hampered by weaknesses of the business environment, including a complex tax system and infrastructure bottlenecks. Foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to The Gambia have been volatile, and remain far below levels preceding the global financial crisis. 4. 冈比亚新政府正面临一系列经济挑战，特别是在公共财政领域。国家继续在经济中发挥重要作用，几乎所有的国有企业都陷入了财政困境。高企的政府借贷加上紧缩的货币政策条件，致使利率水平居高不下，从而将私营部门挤出借贷市场。虽然冈比亚对外国投资开放，但其商业环境的缺陷阻碍了经济增长，包括