热塑性禽类羽毛薄膜力学性能研究.docVIP

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热塑性禽类羽毛薄膜力学性能研究

热塑性禽类羽毛薄膜力学性能研究   摘要:羽毛是畜牧业的副产物。将羽毛纤维通过特殊设备加工成1~3μm的超细粉体,用甘油作为增塑剂,亚硫酸钠作为还原剂,按一定的比例将超细羽毛粉体经高速搅拌器混合均匀,通过热压设备将此混合物在一定条件下制备成生物可降解的热塑性羽毛薄膜;然后在强力测试仪上进行力学性能测试。结果表明,增塑剂甘油在羽毛粉体共混物中质量分数达到30%的时候,所得薄膜的力学性能最佳;还原剂亚硫酸钠在一定温度下能够将羽毛角蛋白中的胱氨酸分子―S―S―键打开,但随着还原剂的增加,所得薄膜的力学性能下降;并且讨论了羽毛粉体粒径、热压温度对羽毛薄膜力学性能的影响。   关键词:羽毛;粉体;角蛋白;热塑性;力学性能   中图分类号:S879.9;O631.2+1文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2011)01-0169-03      Study on the Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Fiber Powders      ZHANG Ping   (Engineering Research Center for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printin,wuhan textile university,Wuhan,430073,China)      Abstract: Feather is a by-product of livestock production. Feather fibre was processed to ultrafine powder (1~3μm) with special equipments. These feather fibre ultrafine powder was then evenly mixed with glycerin (plasticizer) and sodium sulfite (reducing agent) in a high speed agitator, and then processed a biodegradable thermoplastic film with a thermal pressure equipment. The mechanical properties of the thermoplastic film were examined with a tensile strength tester. The results indicated that when the ratio of glycerin in the mixing compounds was 30%, the optimum mechanical properties were achieved. Under proper temperature, the bond (-S-S-) of Cystine in feather keratins could be broken up by sodium sulfite; but if increase the amount of sodium sulfite in the mixing compounds, the mechanical properties of the thermoplastic film would decrease. The mechanical properties of the thermoplastic film influenced by the parameters of grain size and hot-pressing temperature were also discussed.   Key words: feather; powder; keratin; thermoplastic; mechanical properties      我国是世界上畜牧业最发达的国家之一,鸡、鸭、鹅等禽类的羽毛产量每年都在百万吨以上[1],然而,传统处置这些羽毛的方法并不完善。羽毛因其丰富的蛋白含量,加工成羽毛粉用于配合饲料中以节约昂贵豆饼[2],这个过程要消耗水和大量能源,并且禽流感、疯牛病等一些动物传染病的出现,使得羽毛、羽茎等制成饲料等产品的产量大大降低。也有人将它们焚烧或掩埋,但会污染水和大气环境,而且导致苍蝇、病毒滋生,给人类健康带来威胁。Wool[3]等将羽毛洗干净并剔除羽茎,只留下充满空气的毛毛,将毛毛压成薄薄的垫子,再加入豆油增塑剂制成高质量的印刷电路板,虽然达到废物利用的目的,但在此处理过程中,仍然有大量的羽毛、羽茎作为废物丢弃,严重污染了

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