社会生态学视角下青少年校外身体活动行为影响因素研究.docVIP

社会生态学视角下青少年校外身体活动行为影响因素研究 　　摘 要：以社会生态学理论为基础，运用结构方程模型分析，从个体层、人际层和社区层探讨影响青少年校外身体活动行为的多重因素及各层次因素的影响路径关系。采用校外中大强度身体活动量、自我效能、身体活动益处/障碍、活动愉悦、家庭支持/同伴支持、社区环境6个分量表，对2 942名青少年（（14.2±2.1）岁）进行调查。结果表明：1）青少年校外身体活动行为受到个体心理、社会支持及社区环境等多种因素的影响，是多层次多因素共同作用的结果；2）这些因素和层次间会产生相互作用、相互影响，且影响力的大小有直接和间接之分；3）人际层的同伴支持和家庭支持，以及个体层的自我效能和活动障碍对青少年校外身体活动行为具有直接的影响，社区层的社区环境通过自我效能、活动障碍、同伴支持和家庭支持等变量间接对青少年校外身体活动行为产生影响，个体层的活动障碍、活动益处和活动愉悦通过自我效能间接对青少年校外身体活动行为产生影响。 　　关键词：青少年；校外；身体活动行为；社会生态学理论；结构方程模型；中大强度身体活动 　　中图分类号：G 804.82 学科代码：040302 文献标识码：A 　　Abstract： Based on the social ecological theory， the current study utilized structural equation modeling to analyze multi-factor and interactions of factors from facets of individuals， interpersonal， and community environment in influencing adolescents’ physical activity behavior after school. A total of 2942 adolescents （age=14.2±2.1） participated and completed scales which include international physical activity questionnaires （IPAQ） after school， self-efficacy， physical activity enjoyment， physical activity benefits and barriers， family support， and peer support. The result showed that 1） physical activity behavior after school was influenced by multiple factors within multi-facets including individuals’ psychological variables， social support， as well as community environment； 2） those factors and facets interacts with each other and directly and/or indirectly affect after school PA； and 3） peer and family support from interpersonal facets as well as self-efficacy and PA barriers from individual facet directly influence adolescents’ after school PA behavior. The community environment from the community facet indirectly affects PA after school through self-efficacy， PA barriers， peers and family support. The PA benefits and barriers and PA enjoyment indirectly influence PA behavior after school through self-efficacy. 　　Keywords： adolescents； after school； physical activity behavior； social ecological theory； structural equation model； medium and high intensi