帕金森氏病的治疗策略_英文_.pdfVIP

Neurosci Bull February 1, 2010, 26(1): 66-76. 66 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-010-0302-z ·Minireview· Treatment strategies for Parkinsons disease 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Hong YUAN , Zhen-Wen ZHANG , Li-Wu LIANG , Quan SHEN , Xiang-Dang WANG , Su-Mei REN , Hong-Jie MA , Shu- Jun JIAO1, Ping LIU2 1Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Western Medicine, the General Hospital of Chinese Peoples Armed Police Forces , Beijing 100039, China 2Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China © Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, CAS and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by progressive degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), resulting in the deficiency of DA in the striatum. Thus, symptoms are developed, such as akinesia, rigidity and tremor. The aetiology of neuronal death in PD still remains unclear. Several possible mechanisms of the degenera- tion of dopaminergic neurons are still elusive. Various mechanisms of neuronal degeneration in PD have been proposed, including formation of free radicals, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, calcium cytotoxicity, trophic factor deficiency, inflammatory processes, genetic factors, environmental factors, toxic action of nitric oxide, and apoptosis. All these factors interact with each other, inducing a vicious cycle of toxicity causing neuronal dysfunction, atrophy and finally cell death. Considerable evidence suggests that free radicals an