土木工程专业高层办公建筑艺术思考外文文献翻译及原文.docVIP

毕业设计（论文） 外文文献翻译 文献、资料中文题目：高层办公建筑艺术思考 文献、 资料英文题目： 文献、 资料来源： 文献、 资料发表（出版）日期： 院（部）： 专 业： 土木工程 班 级： 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师： 翻译日期： 2017. 02.14 2017. 02. 14 1外文资料 The Tall Office Building Artistically Considered by Louis H. Sullivan, March, 1896 The architects of this land and generation are now brought face to face with something new under the sun namely，that evolution and integration of social conditions，that special grouping of them，that results in a demand for the erection of tall office buildings. It is not my purpose to discuss the social conditions; I accept them as the fact，and say at once that the design of the tall office building must be recognized and confronted at the outset as a problem to be solved a vital problem, pressing for a true solution. Let us state the conditions in the plainest manner. Briefly，they are these: offices are necessary for the transaction of business; the invention and perfection of the high speed elevators make vertical travel，that was once tedious and painful，now easy and comfortable; development of steel manufacture has shown the way to safe，rigid，economical constructions rising to a great height; continued growth of population in the great cities，consequent congestion of centers and rise in value of ground, stimulate an increase in number of stories; these successfully piled one upon another，react on ground values and so on，by action and reaction，interaction and inter reaction. Thus has come about that form of lofty construction called the ’’modern office building It has come in answer to a call, for in it a new grouping of social conditions has found a habitation and a name. Up to this point all in evidence is materialistic，an exhibition of force，of resolution，of brains in the keen sense of the word. It is the joint product of the speculator，the engineer，the builder. Problem: How shall we impart to this sterile pile，this crude，harsh，brutal agglomeration， this stark，staring exclamation of eternal strife，the graciousness of