环境尘土样品中痕量铂、铑、钯的测定方法研究与应用-分析化学专业论文.docxVIP

首都师范大学硕士学位毕业论文ng／g，Rh的含量为4．21--39．48 首都师范大学硕士学位毕业论文 ng／g，Rh的含量为4．21--39．48 ng／g。在密云郊区的样品中，被测元素的含量非 常低，为背景值。二环、三环的含量明显高于五环，其中复兴门一官园一西直门 路段的铂族金属含量最高，Rh是背景值的16．7倍，Pd是5．6倍，Pt是194．4倍， 这与此路段的交通状况繁忙有密切的关系，车流量比较大，铂族金属的释放量也 就随之比较大。 关键词：铂、铑、钯、尘土样品、电感耦合等离子体质谱 首都师范大学硬l：学位毕业论文ABSrRACT 首都师范大学硬l：学位毕业论文 ABSrRACT The pollution of automobile exhaust had became of the main pollutions in the cities．In order control the pollution，all countries were taking some measures decease the release of harmful components in the waste gases，such as CO，NOx，and on．The platinum group elements，including platinum，palladium and rhodium， werc effective components in‘‘three effect catalyzer”．They could the harmful gases to harmless materials．However,a part of platinum group metals would release to the environment the same time．nley might be absorbed by plants， aⅡinlals and human beings．The paper included five parts： Chapter introduced the physiological function，analytical methods and the principles of platinum，palladium and rhodium，summarized the advance of analysis of plafinum，palladium and rhodium in the world and the content in the environmental dust in city撇s and highway． Chapter two studied and established simple method for the determination of trace Pt(IV)by the spectrophotometry蜥tIl 5·【(5一chloro一2-pyridinal)azo]一2，4一 diaminotoiuene as color reaganL The Pt in GBW07293 earth chemical standard material of noble group elements was determined．Beer’s law Was obeyed in the concentration rangeof0．03-1．1 I．tg／mLandthelimitofdetectionWaS 13．8 ng／mL． Chapter three studied the selective absorption of the polyurethane foam plaStics to蹦adium．Palladium could be enriched the foam plastics．硼勰foam plastics wcre decomposed by HN03，HCl04．The final solution is determined by GFAAS．The linear relation between concentration and signal was found in the range of O-72 ng／mL．R=O．99843．11艟developed method Was implied in analysis of and soil samples and the recoveries were 98．1％-107．6％． Chapter four studied and established the m