环境行政公益诉讼原告资格研究-法律专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 环境社会公共利益独立于国家利益和政府利益存在。公众委托政府管理环境 资源并维护社会公共利益，但是现实中行政权力往往不能真正代表社会公益，有 时甚至侵害我们所依存的环境。环境污染生态破坏屡屡发生，为了适应环境公共 利益保护的要求，必须拓宽原告资格范围，以保证面对强大的行政权的侵害时， 广大公众能通过最后一道屏障——司法力量保护与他们的生命健康、生存和发展 息息相关的环境公共利益，实现与行政权的抗衡，并监督行政权在环境管理领域 的行使。 本文以环境行政公益诉讼原告资格为研究对象，正文分为三个部分，第一部 分论述了环境行政公益诉讼原告资格内涵及其法理基础；第二部分主要针对美日 两国环境行政公益诉讼原告资格进行比较研究，旨在通过国外已有的环境行政公 益诉讼原告资格制度的比较和思考为我国拓宽环境行政公益诉讼原告资格提供 参考与借鉴；第 三部分对我国环境行政公益诉讼原告资格的现状进行分析，提出 我国环境行政公益诉讼的启动应该以多元式为蓝本，设立由检察机关发动的行政 公诉和以公民、环保社团为原告的民众诉讼制度，以更有力地促进依法行政，从 而使“脆弱”的环境公共利益得到全面而彻底的保护。 关键词：环境行政公益诉讼；原告资格；环境权；诉讼权 II II ABSTRACT Public interests of environment are independent from those of the nation and the government. The public commissions the government to administer environmental resources and safeguard their interests, in reality, however, administrative power usually cannot represent the interests of the public, but sometimes encroach on the environment on which mankind depends for existence. As events of environmental pollution and ecological damage take place repeatedly, it is necessary to widen the plaintiff qualifications to protect the public interests of environment, to ensure that the public, if encountering infringement form administration, would protect their environmental interests closely related to their health, existence as well as development through legal proceedings, so as to contend with administrative power and supervise its exercise in the field of environmental management. Taking the plaintiff qualifications of administrative public- interest litigation of environment as the object of study, the paper consists of three parts. The first part takes up the meaning and the elementary theories of the plaintiff qualifications. In the light of a comparative study on the plaintiff qualifications in U.S.A. and Japan, the second part aims to afford China reference in widening the plaintiff qualifications by analyzing and reflecting on the systems already coming into effect abroad. After analyzing the current situations in China, the th