环境规制对宁夏经济增长影响的实证研究-政治经济学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 在经济发展历程中，各经济区域普遍会经历以环境为代价换取经济增长的阶段。在放弃一部 分环境质量和环境福利的同时确实换取了经济的快速增长，使人们的生活水平有了显著提高。但 环境问题也相伴而生，经济水平提高的同时往往会伴随环境质量的下降。对资源的掠夺性开采会 影响后代人的发展空间，但出于经济发展初期的国家和地区出于生存考虑首先要发展经济，由此 带来了“先污染、后治理”的很多案例，这其实陷入了环境保护与经济发展两难选择的困境。与 其先用环境污染换取经济增长再用经济增长治理环境污染，不如直接构建一种环境保护与经济增 长双赢的发展模式。现在，各国普遍认识到走可持续发展的循环经济之路是构建环境保护与经济 增长双赢的正确路径。 宁夏地处中国西北内陆，经济发展相对落后。同时，宁夏又是资源型区域，经济增长的动力 很大一部分来自工业，特别是矿产资源的开采和加工，这给宁夏带来了环境保护的巨大压力。另 外，宁夏具有区位优势的产业全部为污染密集型产业，这使宁夏环境保护面临两难选择，必须在 调整产业结构的同时大力发展循环经济才能走出一条环境保护与经济增长双赢的可持续发展道 路。 本研究选取相关指标对宁夏经济增长与环境质量现状进行了分析，对宁夏污染密集产业以及 经济增长与环境质量的关系进行了实证研究，并进一步通过个案分析探究宁夏循环经济的实施情 况，最后从“小循环”、“中循环”、“大循环”三个角度提出了宁夏环境保护与经济增长双赢的循 环经济构建思路。 关键词：环境规制，污染，环境库兹涅茨曲线，循环经济  Abstract In the course of economic development, the economic areas will experience such a stage to nourish economic growth at the cost of environment. The economy grows rapidly and peoples living standard improves perceptibly, while a part of environment quality and benefits are given up. However, environmental problems are accompanied, the reduction of environment quality goes together with the increase of economic level. Exploitation felling of natural resources will affect future generation’s development space. But economic development tends to dominate all other considerations in their early stage of some countries and areas, which leads to many cases of the administration after contamination. And actually they will be in a dilemma as to whether to protect the environment or develop economy. It is better to build a win-win developmental pattern of economic growth with environment protection to exchange environment pollution for economic growth using to curb environmental pollution after that. Now, there is a general awareness that it is the right approach to vitalize the countries by developing sustainable and circular economy. Ningxia is located in the northwest China, and the economic development is relatively backward. Meanwhile, Ningxia is a city with resource-based economy, and the economic growth impetus is mainly fr