钢管壁厚在线自动检测方法分析-机械电子工程专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 随着美国石油协会对钢管质量要求的提高，增加了钢管壁厚测量要求，油田专用钢 管出厂前必须按照相关标准逐根进行严格的检测，保证壁厚的变化在允许的范围之内， 因此，钢管的高速自动化壁厚检测十分必要，检测设备需求迫切。 根据钢管前进方式的不同以及生产厂家对于高速自动化测厚的要求，考虑到制造能 力和成本，研究了电磁测厚的原理，分析用于壁厚测量的极间漏磁通法原理、主磁通法 原理和磁桥路法原理，进一步对三种方法的检测效果和应用特点进行了分析，研究了各 种方法的磁化器设计，壁厚检测探靴设计，最后对测厚系统的信号处理原理以及测厚系 统的结构进行分析，在此基础上，开发了三套针对各种方法的适用于高速批量检测的钢 管在线壁厚检测系统，重点分析了每套在线检测结构系统的性能参数和现场调试情况， 分析在线检测中对检测精确度的影响因素，以及实测结果对理论设计的反证。现场运行 结果表明，该方法检出率高、速度快、结果可靠，能很好地适应在线高速批量壁厚检测 的节奏，而且整个系统结构紧凑，成本远远低于国外进口设备，适合得到广泛推广。 同时本文也研究分析了超声波水浸测厚的原理及影响超声波水浸在线测厚精度影 响因素，设计了超声波水浸测厚探靴，对系统的信号采集与处理原理进行分析，设计超 声波水浸测厚系统。 关键词：在线 钢管 电磁 超声波 水浸 壁厚 II II Abstract Wall thickness must be measured as the API improved the testing standards for pipe quality that the wall thickness changes must be guaranteed in the range of permit. So it is very urgent that automatic on-line thickness testing system for pipe should be developed as soon as possible. According to both the requirement of automatic testing system at high speed and the mode pipes moving, analyzing the local wall thickness loss, taking into account the manufacturing capacity and cost, three methods, namely the magnetic flux leakage magnetic ,main magnetic flux and a bridge-based method is researched to measure the wall thickness of pipes. After comparisons of the characteristics of each method, the bridge-based method is researched as a emphases. Basing on these methods and some experiments, three wall thickness measurements equipment system were designed, and their capability had been tested. The full pipe wall thickness measurement system is designed based on these researches. the on the spot debugging and the factors which affect the testing precision were analyzed, this validate practicability of the system. Up to now, these systems had been proved to be fast and credible. on the other hand, the system cost far less than the import system. Also the ultrasonic water immersion thickness testing method is researched in this pape. A water immersion structure testing boot was designed basing on th