不锈钢薄板激光搭接焊工艺研究.pdf

激光与光电子学进展 52, 071404(2015) Laser Optoelectronics Progress ©2015《中国激光》杂志社 304不锈钢薄板激光搭接焊工艺研究 1 2 1 1 1 朱加雷 徐世龙 焦向东 马正住 李卫强 1北京石油化工学院机械工程学院,北京 102617 2唐山开元焊接自动化技术研究所有限公司,河北 唐山 063000 摘要 针对304不锈钢薄板进行连续激光搭接焊工艺试验，研究工艺参数对焊缝成形及焊缝性能的影响规律。结果 表明：随着激光功率增加，焊缝结合面宽度及背宽、接头拉伸剪切力均有所增加；随着焊接速度的增加，焊缝结合面宽 度及背宽、接头拉伸剪切力均有所降低；而在保证焊缝成形的前提下，离焦量的变化对焊缝成形质量影响较小；叠层 间隙在0.6mm以内时，均可实现单面焊双面成形；激光焊接焊缝中心区组织为细小的等轴晶，焊缝区和母材交界处 为细小的柱状晶组织，热影响区不明显。 关键词 激光搭接焊;不锈钢薄板;离焦量;叠层间隙 中图分类号 TG456.7 文献标识码 A doi: 10.3788/LOP52.071404 StudyonLaserLapWeldingof 304 StainlessSteelSheet 1 2 1 1 1 ZhuJialei XuShilong JiaoXiangdong MaZhengzhu LiWeiqiang 1SchoolofMechanicalEngineering,BeijingInstituteofPetrochemicalTechnology,Beijing 102617,China 2TangshanKaiyuanWeldingAutomationTechnologyInstituteCorporation,Tangshan,Hebei 063000,China Abstract Continuouslaserlapweldingprocesstestisconductedon304stainlesssteelsheet,andeffectsofprocess parametersonweldshapeandweldpropertiesarestudied.Theresultsshowthatsurfacewidth,backwidthandlap shearstressoftheweldincreasewiththeincreasingoflaserpoweranddecreasewiththeincreasingofweldingspeed. Onthepremiseofgoodweldformation,changeofdefocusingdistancehassmallerinfluenceonweldquality.One sideweldingwithbackformationisrealizedwhenthegapiswithin 0.6 mm.Themicrostructureisfineequiaxed crystalinweldcenterandsmallcolumnarcrystalinthejunctionofweldmetalandtheparentmaterial,andtheheat affectedzoneisnotobvious. Keywords laserlapwelding;stainlesssteelsheet;defocusingdistance;gap OCIScodes 140.3390;350.3390 1 引 言 304不锈钢耐腐蚀性好、强度高，在汽车、轨道客车、核电、能源、医疗