基于GEM的热中子位置灵敏探测器的研究-粒子物理与原子核物理专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 关键词:热中子，位置灵敏， Oeant4 模拟，设计， 0缸field ，THOEM ，棚膜。 11 AbstractABSTRACT Abstract ABSTRACT Neutrons call be used to study the material’S microstructure with the features of strong penetrating，distinguishable between close elements，and non-destructive．The reaction cross section of neutron with matter is inversely proportional to its momentum．Therefore，thermal neutrons with lower energy become an important tool for scientific research and new materials’development．As a series of new generation neutron sources around the world have been built to provide high-flux thermal neutron beams，large—area position—sensitive thermal neutron detectors have become all important research subject． In this paper,a solution of position—sensitive thermal neutron detector is given． The basic principle of designing model is based on the nuclear reaction of thermal neutrons with boron．10：10B(n，a)7Li．By using of 10B as the converter material，it is to detect emitted a particles and the product particles 7Li．The neutrons’position information is given by using of the charge center of gravity readout method and the electronic readout system is based on Pads array． We use Monte Carlo simulation software Geant4 to simulate the process of the neutrons’reaction withⅢB and the result of a-particle distribution within the target． The best thickness of single boron target and the detection efficiency of thermal neutron detector are given；The transportation process of the emitted ions is simulated and the intrinsic position resolution of thermal neutron detection is given；The range and energy deposition distribution of the emitted ions in the working gas are simulated to give the best spatial structure of the detector． According to the simulation results and taking into account of minimizing the spatial structure of the detector and the supply of working gas and the connections of tIle readout electronics，the overall framework of the detectors and components are designed by the mechanical design tools