基于ICMP和UDP的非合作网络拓扑发现技术研究与实现-通信与信息系统专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 随着 Internet 的飞速发展与壮大，管理 Internet 面临着越来越巨大的挑战。一 个准确的拓扑结构图是实现网络管理的前提。所以网络拓扑发现在整个网络管理 系统中占有非常重要的地位。网络拓扑发现是指发现网元之间的互联关系，包括 主机、互连设备（如交换机、网桥、路由器等）和子网。网络拓扑图可以帮助网 络管理者对网络进行故障分析、网络扩展和网络优化等。这些需求也促使人们对 网络拓扑发现算法进行进一步的探索与研究。我们需要一些有效的方法和手段来 建立准确的拓扑图，这也是本文的主要目的。 论文首先介绍了拓扑发现算法研究的背景概念及意义，拓扑发现算法在网络 维护与研究中的应用，以及国内外的研究动态；其次，介绍了网络拓扑发现的基 础知识和几种常见的拓扑发现算法并讨论了每种算法的优缺点；第三，提出了一 种基于 ICMP 协议和 UDP 协议的路由器端口别名识别算法和一种星型连接的匿名 路由器识别算法，并在实验网中运行，验证了算法可行性；第四，设计并实现了 一种新的基于 ICMP 协议的网络拓扑信息获取算法，对校园网的探测结果表明， 该拓扑算法具有效率高，吻合度高的优点；最后，总结全文，并展望下一步工作。 关键词：拓扑发现 路由器别名 匿名路由器 ICMP UDP Abstract With the rapid development and growth of Internet, network management is facing many more tough challenges. An accurate topography map is the necessary prerequisite to network management. Basing on that, the network topology discovery plays a very important role in the whole network management system. By network topology discovery is meant the discovery of inter-connection between network elements, including hosts, network connection equipments (such as switches, network bridges, routers) and subnets. With the corresponding network topography, an analysis of network failure, network expansion and optimization can be done, which promote the further study on various algorithms of network topology discovery. Some effective method is needed to build accurate topographies, which is the purpose of this paper. Firstly, the background and significance of the research on topology discovery algorithm and its application in network maintenance is described, the current research work and development prospect is also exposed. Secondly, some basic knowledge on network topology discovery and several common topology discovery algorithms are introduced, followed by the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages offered by the various algorithms. Thirdly, basing on ICMP and UDP, router’s alias recognition algorithm and anonymous router recognition algorithm are proposed, and the run of these two algorithms in a testing network has shown the