关于物质波态叠加原理和不确定原理的论文.pdfVIP

Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software For evaluation only. 河北工程大学毕业论文 摘 要 波动性乃是巨大数目的同样制备的粒子的几率性或统计性行为的表述，因此，波动 性和粒子性不应是同一事物的两个方面，粒子性对应的是单个体系，波函数就描写的是 大量单个体系组成的系综的性质。本文在波函数的系综解释基础上，对态叠加原理作了 两种理解，进而讨论了不确定原理。不确定原理通常的表述为“相互不对易的力学量不 能同时精确测量”，而其完整的含义则是：在某一共同态下，测量两个不对易的力学量， 无法同时得到精确值。我们认为在这种测量方式下得到这样的结论是必然的；但若我们 换一种方式，在两个态下分别测量两个不对易的力学量，我们认为是可以同时得到精确 值的。 关键词：物质波，态叠加原理，不确定原理 I Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software For evaluation only. 河北工程大学毕业论文 Abstract Wave property indicates the probabilities or the statistical behaviors of a great number of identical particles. Therefore, the wave property and the particle property should not be two aspect of one thing, and it corresponds to a single particle property. Wave function describes the nature of the ensemble consisting of a single system. Based on the ensemble explanation of the wave function, there are the two kinds of understanding to explain to state superposition principle. Furthermore, the uncertainty principle was discussed. Uncertainty principle usually expresses as two mechanical parameters that they are not mutual cannot be measured accurately at the same time, and its complete meaning is that the measured two mechanical parameters that they are not mutual cannot be obtained two precise val