基于fpga的微小型光谱仪器研制-光电信息工程专业论文.docxVIP

华中科技大学硕士学位论文 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 II II Abstract The spectral analysis technique is a technology that applies optics, electronics and computer science to make qualitative or quantitative researching on the structure and composition of various materials. While, in recent years, the higher demands for the spectrometer’s volume, weight, structure, performance in the military, scientific research, field geological prospecting, biological medicine and environmental monitoring has increased, as a consequence, micro-miniaturization is becoming the trend of the spectrometer. This thesis analyses the basic theory of spectrometer’s working principle, structure and performance. Based on that, this thesis adapts the optical system using asymmetric Czerny-Turner optical structure and determines the structural parameters of the optical element. Furthermore, this thesis optimizes the optical structure and parameters with ZEMAX optical path of the simulation. As a consequence, this thesis proposes a spectral data acquisition system of real-time self-adjusting large-scale CCD(Charge-coupled Device) light integration time based on FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) in which the range of light integral time is large than 10 us, and the minimum control accuracy is 0.25 us. In order to satisfy the needs of the spectral measurement, this thesis adapts TOSHIBA TCD1304AP line array CCD detectors in which the response wavelength range is 200 to 1100 nm. While, through pretreatment process, CCD output analog signal is converted to digital signals by ADS803E of 12B A/D converter. After finishing high and low speed matching conversion through the soft FIFO in FPGA, data is transmitted to the host computer through the high speed USB(Universal Serial Bus) communication interface. Then, this research finishes the design of master software, CCD driving timing and A/D synchronous clock, soft FIFO and USB communication control state machine base on FPGA and the design of USB firmware of CY7C6801