基于3s的内蒙古湿地空间分布格局及动态演变研究-环境科学与工程专业论文.docxVIP

的盐生草甸和8．05％的人工湿地转为非湿地。各有3．77％的河流、8．99％的湖泊、 的盐生草甸和8．05％的人工湿地转为非湿地。各有3．77％的河流、8．99％的湖泊、 2．29％的沼泽和1．06％的湿草甸转向盐生草甸。 (6)内蒙古湿地空间分布格局和动态变化呈现出显著的地区分异现象。其 中西部区湿地减少幅度最大、速度最快。内蒙古湿地空间格局表现为大多数湿 地类型斑块优势度基本稳定、斑块破碎化加剧、萎缩严重。 关键词：内蒙古；湿地；遥感监测；动态变化；演变 万方数据 内蒙古大学硕士学位论文STUDY 内蒙古大学硕士学位论文 STUDY ON S王’ATIAL DISⅡUBUTl0N R虹TERN AND DYNAMIC OF WETLANDS IN INNER MONGOLIA BASED oN 3 S TECHNOLOGY ABSTRACT A series of Landsat TM satellite dates were used as basic data sources，with remote sensing classification system of wetlands in Inner Mongolia，man-machine interactive interpretation were applied to extract wetlands information on year 1 993 and 20 1 3．The dynamic characteristics include quantity，spatial distribution，type transformation and spatial pattern of wetlands in Inner Mongolia were analyzed in the past 20 years．Finally，this paper tried to explore the driver forces of wetlands dynamic changes．Main conclusions are showed as below： (1)The paper contrasted the former methods of wetland classification systems and proposed a wetland classification system which is compatible to the study area itself based on remote sensing technology．The types of wetlands in Inner Mongolia were composed of river，lake，marsh，wet meadow，salt meadow and artificial wetland． (2)Collecting the relevant data,and processing pretreatments．Decision tree ¨ 万方数据 内蒙古大学硕士学位论文classification 内蒙古大学硕士学位论文 classification was adopted to extract the water part of wetlands automatically．Then man·-machine interactive interpretation was applied which Can improve accuracy of wetland extraction to extract the complete wetland information． (3)Wetland in Inner Mongolia has decreased by 7．77％on the whole．The total area of wetlands reached to 42188．75km2 in 1993，which decreased to 389 12．76km2 in2013． (4)Different wetland types have different variation tendency．River，lake，marsh and wet meadow have a distinctly reduction．Lake has declined most with 1 673．83km2，which takes up 5 1．09％of total reduction．Though the areas of salt meadow and artif