基于fpga的穿墙雷达信息处理及实现技术-电子与通信工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 摘 要 I 摘 要 穿墙探测技术在军事、反恐、灾后搜索等场合发挥重要作用。以穿墙雷达技 术为代表的穿墙探测技术是近年来生命探测技术研究的前沿和热点。 本文以伪码穿墙雷达实验系统的实测数据处理为应用背景，重点研究了墙体 杂波目标成像和人体目标检测技术。主要工作如下： 1、建立了伪码穿墙雷达的基本模型，介绍了雷达系统的信号形式，在此基础 上简单介绍了穿墙雷达 BP 算法的流程。 2、系统地分析了现有的杂波抑制算法，提出了杂波抑制算法的统一模型，并 在此基础上对自适应背景相消算法的模型进行了归纳总结。 3、实现了一种改进型的杂波抑制算法。该方法在经典的指数加权算法的处理 结果的基础上，对不同时间单元进行实时加权处理。实验表明，改进型算法的杂 波抑制效果较经典算法好。本文进而将上述方法应用于目标检测，改善了穿墙雷 达动目标检测效果。 4、对本文所采用的雷达实验系统进行了详细的介绍，包括硬件描述和软件设 计，同时对实验系统的工作流程做了一定的介绍。并根据实验系统所采取的实验 数据，对算法进行了仿真，达到了预期效果。 本文研究的成像技术和相关处理方法均成功应用于某穿墙雷达的实测数据处 理，取得了很好的实际应用效果。 关键字：伪码穿墙雷达，杂波抑制，目标检测，系统设计与实现 Abstr Abstract III Abstract Through-the-wall detection technique has a variety of potential applications in military, antiterrorism and search-and-rescue work in emergencies, and through-the-wall detection technique based on radar has been a research hotspot for a few years. In this paper, a human behind the wall is detected by the pseudo-random code through-the-wall radar. Based on the field data, the research is concentrated on wall clutter suppression and target imaging. The major work is as follows: Introduce the simplified echo model and the basic radar signal of the through-the-wall radar system. Based on the conclusion, the traditional BP algorithm is introduced for TTW imaging. The comparison and unification of classical algorithms in clutter compensation is deeply researched. Two-pulse canceler, accumulative average background subtraction and exponential moving average background subtraction are analyzed and a simple model is proposed to unite the three classical algorithms. With the algorithm model, adaptive background subtraction methods are studied. For these methods are not effective enough, this paper brings forward a novel clutter suppression algorithm in order to reduce clutter. This paper has compared the classical algorithms in target detection and proposed an improved method, which makes a good performance in a certain range behind the wall. All of the algorithms in clutter compensation and target detection are bas