静脉,临床七年制,教案.pptVIP

The Veins 静脉 General feature Thin walls, larger lumens, venous valves, venous plexus, venous rete Two sets Superficial vein Deep veins Special structures: sinuses of dura mater 硬脑膜窦 diploic veins 板障静脉 Aplenty anastomosis Veins of head and neck Internal jugular vein External jugular vein Brachiocephalic vein: venous angle Veins of upper limb Deep vein: Superficial veins: cephalic v. 头静脉 basilica v. 贵要静脉 median cubital v. 肘正中静脉 Parietal Tributaries Anterior Wall of Thorax 1. Thoracoepigastric v. axillary v. 2. Anterior intercostal vv. internal thoracic v. brachiocephalic v. Veins of lower limb Deep vein: Superficial veins: great saphenous v. 大隐静脉 small saphenous 小隐静脉 病例 患者金某，男，62岁，因呕血、便血等表现入院，检查发现患者存在食管静脉曲张、直肠静脉和腹壁静脉曲张。医生初步诊断肝硬化致门脉高压。 两个问题 什么是门脉高压？ 为什么门脉高压会引起呕血和便血等表现？ 三个知识点 肝脏的功能：新陈代谢 原料供应：消化系统 输送工具：脉管系统 ◆ Four ramus communicans between portal and systemic circulations 交通途径（1） 交通途径（2） 交通途径（3） 临床意义 临床意义 临床意义 小结 思考题 2. 下肢静脉 浅静脉： 大隐静脉 小隐静脉 髂外静脉 深静脉： 与同名动脉伴行。 大隐静脉的属支 股外侧浅静脉 股内侧浅静脉 阴部外静脉 腹壁浅静脉 旋髂浅静脉 Veins of the Lower limb great saphenous vein small saphenous vein popliteal vein superficial lateral femoral vein superficial medial femoral vein external pudendal vein superficial epigastric vein superficial iliac circumflex vein A. the superficial veins of the lower limb B. the deep veins of the lower limb femoral vein popliteal vein The common iliac veins (1)the internal iliac vein (2)the external iliac vein inferior vena cava common iliac veins internal iliac vein external iliac vein Inferior vena cava and its tributaries 3. 腹部静脉 （1）下腔静脉属支 （2）肝门静脉系统 （1）下腔静脉属支 壁支： 膈下静脉 腰静脉 脏支： 睾丸静脉? 肾静脉 肾上腺静脉 肝静脉? The tributaries of the inferior vena cava (1)The parietal tributaries inferior phrenic and lumbar vein lumbar vein inferior phrenic vein ascending lumbar vein (2) The visceral tributaries They are the testicular veins(male), the Ovarian Veins(female), the renal vein