理工类B级概括大意与完成句子第6篇.PDFVIP

2016年职称英语教材系列——理工类 理工类B级概括大意与完成句子第6篇 第六篇：HowWeFormFirstImpression 【对别人的第一印象是怎样形成的】 1. We all have first impression of someone wejust met. But why? Why do we form an opinionaboutsomeonewithoutreallyknowing anythingabouthim orher—asideperhaps froma fewremarksorreadilyobservabletraits? 2. Theanswerisrelatedtohowyourbrainallowsyoutobeawareoftheworld.Yourbrain issosensitiveinpickingup facialtraits, evenveryminordifferenceinhow aperson’seyes,ears, nose, ormouth areplaced inrelation to eachothermake you seehim orher asdifferent.In fact, your brain continuously processes information—the sights and sounds of your world. These incoming“signals”arecomparedagainstahostof“memories”storedinthebrainareascalledthe cortexsystemtodeterminewhatthesenewsignals“mean.” 3. Ifyou see someoneyouknow andlike at school,your brain says“familiar and safe.”If you see someone new, it says, “new—potentially threatening.” Then your brain starts to match featuresofthisstrangerwithother“known”memories.Theheight,weight,dress,ethnicity,gestures, andtone ofvoice areallmatchedup. Themoreunfamiliar the characteristics,themoreyourbrain maysay,“Thisisnew.Idon’tlikethisperson.”Orelse,“I’mintrigued.”Oryourbrainmayperceive anew facebut familiar clothes, ethnicity,gestures—likeyour other friends; soyour brain says:“I likethisperson.”Butthesepreliminary“impressions”canbedeadwrong. 4. When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplisti and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people—their history, interest, values, strengths,andtruecharacter—wecategorizethemasjocks, geeks,orfreaks. 5. However,ifweresistinitial stereotypicalimpressions,wehave achancetobe awareof what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of t