虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种特殊形式,用来表示假设、猜测.docVIP

第 = PAGE 2*2-1 3页 共 = PAGE 2*2 4页 第 = PAGE 2*2 4页 共 = PAGE 2*2 4页 第 = PAGE 1*2-1 1页 共 = PAGE 1*2 2页 第 = PAGE 1*2 2页 共 = PAGE 1*2 2页 虚拟语气：是谓语动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示假设、猜测、建议、主观愿望、夸张或空想，而非客观事实。 虚拟语气在非真实条件句 从句 主句 例句 与现在事实相反的假设 If + 主语+助动词的过去式（were, did, had） 主语+ should/would/could/might+动词原形 If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad. 与过去事实相反的假设 If +主语+had+过去分词 主语+should/would/could/might +have+过去分词 If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam. 与将来事实相反的假设 If+主语+动词过去式 If+主语+were to+动词原形 If+主语+should+动词原形(注意不能是would) 主语+ should/would/could/might+动词原形 If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. If it were to rain tomorrow, we would put off the sports meeting. If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 错综时间条件句（混合条件句） 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这是主从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同。 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. 虚拟语气倒装形式（省略if） 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, had可以将if省略再把上述这些词移到句首实行倒装。 If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. → Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. If it should rain, the crops would be saved. → Should it rain, the crops would be saved. 注：在倒装时，不能有缩略形式：Weren’t it for the expense (*)→ Were it not for the expense 介词短语代替条件状语从句 常用词：with, but for, without What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars) We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we hadn’t got your help) Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. = But for your help, …= If it had not been for your help, …= Had it not been for you help, … 含蓄条件句 有在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而是通过其他手段来代替条件句。