华山松高结实无性系选择与无性繁殖技术研究-林木遗传育种专业论文.docxVIP

摘要：随着对华山松籽仁的营养保健功能认识的深入，人们对华山松种子的需求必将 摘要：随着对华山松籽仁的营养保健功能认识的深入，人们对华山松种子的需求必将 加大。而现在大部分华山松林分结实量低，遗传改良程度低，难以提供充足的原料。 所以有必要在现有初级种子园的基础上，以高结实性状为指标进行进一步选优，以便 能尽快培育出大批优质苗木。 本文对云南省楚雄市紫溪山华山松种子园进行了高结实选优研究，并初步探索了 用扦插和胚培养扩大繁殖的方法。高结实无性系选择研究中，按表型初选，得13个 无性系的高结实优树，并用单株产有效种子数量和单株产种重量，对优度进行鉴定； 扦插繁殖研究了不同年龄、不同激素、不同激素浓度、不同基质、不同无性系对生根 性状的影响；组织培养研究主要对影响胚培养的芽分化和生根的激素组合进行筛选。 经研究，得到以下结果： (1)44、42、56号无性系连年保持较高的结果数，两年平均结果数排位居前列， 显示出稳定遗传的优良结实特性。 (2)用单株产种重量和单株产有效种子数来评价和选择高结实优树，初选的13 个无性系中，44、42、98、43号无性系在单株产种重方面较优：44、84、25号无性 系能提供较多的有效种子；44、84、25、43、42几个无性系综合性状较好。 (3)在蛭石、森林土和沙中，以沙为基质能获得最好的生根性状，激素以IAA为 好，浓度以100ppm为佳。 (4)13个无性系作幼苗扦插繁殖试验，结果表明无性系问的扦插生根率具有显 著差异；扩繁系数是影响无性系扦插扩繁能力的最关键因素，59、8、42、101、25、 84、44号无性系扦插扩繁能力较强。 (5)高糖浓度对启动培养不利；BAl．5mg／l+糖5％+NAA0．2 mg／l对启动、愈伤 组织形成和芽分化都较有利。 关键词：华山松，高结实无性系，扦插繁殖，胚培养 Abstract：With Abstract：With more cognition about high nutrition content and sanitarian function of the kernels ofPinus armandii being known，more and more seeds will be demanded．However, most of the existing Pings armandii forest having low reproductive capacity,SO it’S difficult to supply enough seeds．It is necessary to search way as soon as possible to supply large quantities of seedlings possessing high fertility via selecting fertile clones from the primary seed-orchard． Seed selection has been explored preliminarily at Zixishan clonal seed—orchard in Chuxiong county Yunnan province for high fertility clones，as well as propagating through cutting and embryo culture．In the seed selection，thirteen high fertihty clones have been selected primarily by phenotype，also the general appraisal of them have been made via available seeds quantity single tree and seeds yields single tree．Effect of cutting age and kinds and congcentrations ofplant growth regulators，culture media and clones on rooting was studied by cutting．In this paper,effect of different plant growth regulators combination on adventitious buds differentiation，and rooting also Was studied through embryo culture．And the results were as follows：