《茚三酮固体介质法显现纸张表面潜指纹研究》-毕业设计（论文）.docVIP

中国人民公安大学本科毕业论文（设计） PAGE I 茚三酮固体介质法显现纸张表面潜指纹研究 摘 要：指纹多年以来被认为是犯罪现场最常见、最有价值的物证之一。犯罪现场勘查时，现场勘查人员需要利用各种技术手段发现作案人遗留在现场的潜在手印。指纹显现的时间和效果对侦查破案起到至关重要的作用。因此对指纹显现方法的研究始终是法庭科学的热点之一。茚三酮是显现渗透性客体上潜在汗液手印的最常用方法之一，一般有三种方式，即浸泡法、喷洒法，抹拭法，但这些方法存在以下缺点：一是使客体表面背景着色，二是容易引起油墨扩散，三是使用的溶剂易燃。而茚三酮固体介质法能够克服以上缺点，不需使用茚三酮熏显柜，更便捷更迅速的显现现场指纹，并且能够突破茚三酮只能显现渗透性客体的局限，拓宽茚三酮显现客体的范围。 关键词：茚三酮；固体介质法；纸张；潜指纹  Studies on the development of latent fingerprints on paper by the method of solid-medium ninhydrin Abstract: Fingerprints are considered to be the most valuable and frequent forensic evidence on crime scene. During criminal investigation, investigators search and detect the latent fingerprints with all kinds of skills. The means of detecting fingerprint and their effect play an important role in solving crimes. So the techniques and skills for detecting latent fingerprints are hotspot in forensic science. Ninhydrin is a successful reagent for developing latent fingerprints on porous surfaces. Ninhydrin solutions may be applied by spraying, swabbing, dipping. However, there are several limitations to the ninhydrin method, such as background coloration after treatment, dissolution of the printing ink and its flammable characteristics. Solid-medium ninhydrin method can overcome those disadvantages, avoid the using of ninhydrin development cabinet, development fingerprint in high speed and break the limitation of detecting prints only on porous surface. Key words: ninhydrin; solid-medium; paper; latent fingerprints  目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _To1 引言 PAGEREF _To\h 1 HYPERLINK \l _To2 茚三酮显现方法概述 PAGEREF _To\h 1 HYPERLINK \l _To2.1 茚三酮显现指纹的提出 PAGEREF _To\h 1 HYPERLINK \l _To2.2 茚三酮显现指纹的原理 PAGEREF _To\h 2 HYPERLINK \l _To2.3 茚三酮显现指纹的发展现状 PAGEREF _To\h 2 HYPERLINK \l _To2.4 茚三酮显现指纹的影响因素 PAGEREF _To\h 5 HYPERLINK \l _To3 实验设计 PAGEREF _To\h 5 HYPERL