基于计算流体力学对草地蝗虫吸捕机吸头工况的优化-机械设计及理论专业论文.docxVIP

优秀毕业论文 精品参考文献资料 摘 摘 要 草地蝗虫吸捕机采用物理方法防治草原蝗虫，针对草地蝗虫吸捕机吸捕率低的问 题，结合蝗虫在吸捕时的跳跃躲避特性以及吸头处流场分布的研究，对吸头工况进行 优化设计。首先在对草地蝗虫吸捕机实验测量的基础上，得到吸口处存在大面积的负 压区，吹口吹出的气幕随地形变化而变化且沿射流方向速度衰减较慢，能控制蝗虫从 ’吸头下面逃逸。采用FLUENT软件对吸头流场进行模拟分析，其结果与测量数据之间 误差均在5％以下，证明了数值模拟的适用性。应用以上方法进行数值模拟，分别研 究了挡板倾角、吹吸口夹角、吸头距地高度及吹吸口风速对流场的影响，根据结果分 析得到符合吸捕特性的吸头最佳距地高度为150m，；挡板最佳倾角为450．吹吸口最 佳夹角为600：吹吸口最佳风速分别为16m／s、20m／s，为草地蝗虫吸捕机吸头工况的 优化提供依据。 关键词：吸头；吸捕机；计算流体力学；蝗虫；吸捕率；流场 Optimized Optimized Design of the suction head of Pneumatic Grasshopper Trapper Working Station Based on CFD ^bst ract 111e Pneumatic Orassland Locust suction trap machine controls locust诵廿1 physical method，Aiming to the lower rate of suction trap，the suction mouth working station was studied and optimized，based on the previous theoretic analysis，and the jumping and dodging characteristics of the locust when they a他sucked and measuring of locust’S suspension speed．the wind speed of the flow field of the Pneumatic Grassland Locust suction trap machine Was experimentally measured，according to results of analysis，the vacuum area of the suction mouth plays a major role in sucking locusts，the key to enhancing suction rate lies in increasing the vacuum area of the suction mouth．The air screen of the blow mouth Can change with the changes in topography,and the speed ofjet attenuates slowly along the direction，then escape of locusts below the suction head call be controlled commendably．Besides,the flow field Was simulated by the software．-FLUENT, and the results of the simulation are in concordance wim the experimental data,and then the feasibility of the numerical simulation is proved．Effect of baffle angle、angle between the Blow mouth and suction mouth、height of suction head from ground、wind speed of blow mouth、suction mouth to flow field and suction character Was studied through numerical simulation,according to results of analysis，the perfect baffle angle is 450，the angle between the Blow mouth and the perfect suction mouth is 450，the perfect wind speed of blow mou