曝气条件对等温层曝气器水力性能的影响.PDF

中国环境科学 2015,35(9) ：2698~2705 China Environmental Science 曝气条件对等温层曝气器水力性能的影响 * 孙 昕 ,段飞飞,刘凌炜,解 岳 (西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西 西安 710055) 摘要：等温层曝气器内表观水流速度直接影响等温层曝气的充氧效果,针对表观水流速度难以准确计算的普遍问题,系统分析了曝气室内 气水两相流运动所受的驱动能量与损失能量,提出了尾涡和顶部能量损失的无量纲表达式,建立了曝气室内水流的一维水动力学模型, 以及 基于 MATLAB 真域算法的模型求解方法.采用美国 Prince 湖等温层曝气器的实际运行数据,对该模型进行了验证,表观水流速度的预测误差 在±8 ％以内, 明显低于现有预测误差±20%.当曝气孔直径为 2.6mm 、曝气量从 0.018m3 3 /h 增加到 0.063m /h 时,曝气室内表观水流速度随曝 气量的增加而增加;当曝气量固定,曝气孔直径从 2.6mm 减小至 0.26mm 时,表观水流速度随曝气孔直径的减小而增加,而当曝气孔直径进一 步减小至 0.026mm 时,表观水流速度基本不受影响.计算了不同条件下的驱动能量和各项损失能量,揭示了引起表观水流速度变化的内因. 建立的水动力学模型可用于指导等温层曝气器的设计和优化. 关键词：分层水环境；等温层曝气；表观水流速度；模型；曝气量；气泡直径 中图分类号：X524 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2015)09-2698-08 * Effects of aeration conditions on the hydrodynamic performance of a hypolimnetic aerator. SUN Xin , DUAN Fei fei, LIU Ling-wei, XIE Yue (School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xian University of Architecture and Technology, Xian 710055, China). China Environmental Science, 2015,35(9)：2698~2705 Abstract ：Superficial water velocity in a hypolimnetic oxygenator directly influences the oxygenation effectiveness of a hypolimnetic aerator. Aiming at the common problem of poor prediction of superficial water velocity, driving energy and energy losses of the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the aeration chamber were systematically analyzed, dimensionless formulas for calculating the energy losses due to wakes and top were particularly proposed, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model for the water flow in the aeration chamber was developed, and a analytical solution to this hydrodynamic mode