《专业英语》 建筑翻译题.docxVIP

Architecture is the art and science of designing buildings. A wider definition would include within its scope the design of the total built environment, from the macro level of town planning, urban design and landscape to the microlevel of furniture and product design. Architecture, equally importantly, also refers to the product of such a design. 建筑学（或建筑设计）是设计建筑的艺术和科学。一个更广泛的定义是包括建筑范围内的总体环境设计，宏观上包括城市规划，城市和景观设计，微观上包括家具和产品设计。建筑也是指像这样设计而成的产品. ? Architecture is a multi-disciplinary field, including within its fold mathematics, science, art, technology, social sciences, politics, history, philosophy, and so on. In Vitruvius words, Architecture is a science, arising out of many other sciences, and adorned with much and varied learning: by the help of which a judgment is formed of those works which are the result of other arts. 建筑是一个多学科领域，包括在其倍数学，科学，艺术，技术，社会科学，政治，历史，哲学，等等。维特鲁威认为建筑学是产生于多种学科的一门科学，充满了深邃且丰富的学问：建筑学是人们借助于多学科融合而成的知识体系而形成的一种判断体系，是其他艺术成果发展的结晶。 ? Theory is the result of that reasoning which demonstrates and explains that the material wrought has been so converted as to answer the end proposed. 理论是推理的结果，它展示并解释了那些已经加工过的材料再被转变是为了达到最终合理的结果.?自己翻译的不是很准仅供参考by:肖莹莹 ? ? ?In Europe in the Classical and Medieval periods, buildings were not attributed to specific individual architects who remained anonymous. Guilds were formed by craftsmen to organise their trade. 古典和中世纪时期在欧洲，建筑不会由那些特定的不知名的个体建筑师设计。建筑都是由?工匠门所组成的公会去设计建造.????by肖莹莹 ? With the Renaissance and its emphasis on the individual and humanity rather than religion, and with all its attendant progess and achievements, a new chapter began. 随着文艺的复兴越发的强调人本主义，而不是宗教，与此同时也取得了很大的进步和成就，一个新的篇章开始了。 ? At this stage, it was still possible for an artist to design a bridge as the level of structural calculations involved were within the scope of the generalist. 在这个阶段，一个艺术家仍有可能参与桥梁的设计,其涉及的结构计算的水平是在通才(所涉及的范围)之内的.??by肖莹莹 ? ?Architecture now required a team of professionals in its making, an architect being one among the many, sometimes th