城市地表温度热岛遥感定量反演及其时空格局生态学专业论文.docxVIP

华东师范大学2011届硕士学位论文 华东师范大学2011届硕士学位论文 城市地表温度热岛遥感定量反演及其时空格局 摘 要 本文利用遥感和地理信息技术，采用光谱分解分析(spectral mixture analysis、 SMA)、地表温度反演等方法，利用1997，2000和2002年的Landsat刑／ETM+ 遥感影像提取了地表温度、植被、地表不透水面率、水体等信息，分析上海城市 热岛的时空格局变化及其成因，探索植被和不透水面率在不同的城市发展密度下 与地表温度特征的关系。主要结论如下： (1)1997--2002年，上海城市热岛随着城市化程度增加而呈逐年增加的趋势。 城市化导致低温区面积从1997年到2002年比例持续下降，次低温区和次高温区 面积逐年递增，并检测到市区有多个高温分布区，表明城市化导致上海城市热岛 呈多中心分布格局。 (2)人口和城市景观变化是导致地表温度变化的主要原因。城市热岛的空间 分布区域均为人口密集分布区，以及高不透水面率区。植被可以显著缓解城市热 岛效应。 (3)城市发展密度对植被和城市热岛有显著影响。城市发展密度越高，地表 温度的变异性越大，城市热岛越强，NDVI随城市发展密度的增大而降低。 关键字：城市热岛；地表温度；光谱分解分析(SMA)；城市发展密度；NDVI 华东师范大学2011届硕士学位论文 华东师范大学2011届硕士学位论文 城市地表温度热岛遥感定量反演及其时空格局 ABSTRACT In this thesis，Landsat TM／ETM+imageries acquired in 1 997，2000 and 2002 covering Shanghai metropolitan regions Wele used to retrieve land surface temperature，to derive impervious surface area(ISA)，and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)by utilizing spectral mixture analysis(SMA)approach to analyze spatiotemporal patterns of urban surface heat island and the relationships among LST and NDVI and ISA under different urban development density．My main findings are as following： (1)The urban heat island exhibited all increasing trend with urbanization degree in Shanghai metropolitan regions from 1 997 to 2002．The urbanization has resulted in continuous decrease of area with lower LST and increase of area with higher LST． Multiple areas in high LST were monitored demonstrating that rapid urbanization has resulted in multi—core urban surface heat islands patterns in Shanghai metropolitan regions． (2)Population and urban landscape dynamics are the main driving forces of LST changes in Shanghai metropolitan regions．The distribution of surface UHI is spatially consists with those of dense population and high percent of impervious surface area．Urban vegetation call effectively mitigate UHI in Shanghai． (3)Urban development density call influence NDVI and UHI．Land surface temperature increases and has large variations晰tll percent ISA，while NDVI decreases