定语从句与名词性从句详解异同.pptVIP

定语从句与名词性从句详解 二. 定语从句的基本知识 定义： 修饰\限制某一名词或代词的句子为定语从句。一般翻译为:“……的”。 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。 位置： 放在被修饰名词或代词的后面。 关系词：定语从句必须有一个关系词引导，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两类，但关系代词作宾语、表语时可以省去。 关系词之间的区别请看下面两幅图。 图①: 关系代词 在定语从句中主语,宾语,表语和定语 who whom which that as whose 人 人 物 人\物 人\物 人\物 主\宾\表 宾 主\宾\表 主\宾\表 主\宾\表 定 图②：关系副词 在定语从句中仅作状语 when where why 时间词 地点词 原因词 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 注意： ① 一定要在理解的基础上记忆关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中所作的成分。 ② what 不能引导定语从句, 但能引导名词性从句。 ③ that不可引导非限制性定语从句。 ④被动语态的谓语动词不需要宾语。 ⑤关系代词that不能作介词的宾语。 三. 定语从句中的重点, 难点, 易混点和高考中的考点 as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别: as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句时, 它们的先行词都可以是整个句子, 区别 在于: ① as 引导的从句位置灵活,可以放在主句的前, 中和后, 而 which 引导的从句只 能放在主句之后. ② as 常被译为 “正如 … …”, 而 which 常被译为 “ 这一点\这” Taiwan is part of China, as is known to all. Mary didn’t pass the driving test, which made her very sad. 注意: as 常用于以下结构: as + 主语 + see \ know \ expect \ imagine \ suppose. as be seen \ known \ expected \ imagined \ supposed. as often happens. as has been said before. as is often the case. (1). The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employed more people to keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (江苏 2006) A. who B. that C. as D. which (2). _______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As (江苏 2004) D D 高 考 衔 接 3. 几个特殊先行词后的定语从句: ① reason 为先行词时, 如果定语从句中缺少状语,则用 why 引导, 如果缺少主 语\宾语\表语,则用that\which 引导。 ② the way 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用that\in which 引导, 也可以省略, 如果 缺少主语\宾语\表语,则用that\which 引导。 ③ situation\ case\ point\ spot\ scene 为先行词时, 如果定语从句中缺少状语, 则用 where 引导。 ④ occasion 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用 when 引导。 This is the reason that \ which he gave. We may be trapped in such a situation where we have no one to turn to. what与that的区别 1. What we can’t get seems better than what we have. 2. There is clear evidence that the most diffic