第四章：翻译技(上).ppt

第四章：翻译技巧（上） Amplification（增词法） By amplification we mean supplying necessary words in our translation work so as to make the version correct and clear, to make it more like the language translated into. Of course words thus supplied must be indispensable either syntactically or semantically. In other words, a translator is not supposed to add any meaning to the original. There are two kinds: 1)Words for syntactic construction—to secure correctness, 2)Words supplied for semantic completion—to secure clearness. Both aim at making the version expressive and readily understood by the reader. Examples: presidential historian “总统的历史学家” 研究总统的历史学家 For mistakes had been made, bad ones, he was severely criticized. “因为已经犯了错误，很严重，他受到了严厉的批评” “因为已经犯了错误，而且是很严重的错误，他受到了严厉的批评” Rocket research has proved the strange fact….. 通过火箭进行的研究…… How she wished she could send that man to the Furies—for the punishment she thought he deserved. Furies [希神]复仇女神(“土地”和“黑暗”的三个女儿, 以清算罪恶为职责, 被描绘成庄严、美丽的女郎, Fury 为其中之一) 她真想把那个臭男人交给那母夜叉去整治整治,也好让她出口恶气。 （一）英译汉常用的增词法 I．增加原文中省略的部分 1. Since the first test of the atomic bomb the world has learnt that the atom can be split and its power used. 自从第一颗原子弹试验以来，全世界都已知道，原子可以分裂，原子能可以利用。 （power后省略了can be） 2. A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius and his money. 愚人会很快忘记说过的话，智者会很快放弃手里的钱。 （money后省略了are soon parted） 3. Both human and cow milk are naturally spiced with a small amount of morphine. 人乳与牛乳均含有少量吗啡。 （human后省略了milk） 4. So-called convenience and frozen foods are now as popular in Europe as they are in America. 如今，所谓的方便食品和速冻食品风靡欧洲，就像在美国一样大众化。 5. The heart is slightly bigger than a fist, and lies between the lungs. 心脏略大于一个拳头，位于两肺之间。 6. Women have outgrown the jumping-on-chair-at –the-sight-of-a-mouse era, but he says that they have not. 女性已经不再像从前那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子上；而他则认为，今天的女性还没有取得这样的进步。 7. Population increase and decrease relatively not only to one another,