磁性复合体光催化材料制备表征及对crⅵ的光催化还原研究环境科学专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要光催化技术在处理废水中重金属离子方面有独特的优势，特别适用于组成复 中文摘要 光催化技术在处理废水中重金属离子方面有独特的优势，特别适用于组成复 杂和低浓度废水的处理，该技术有广泛的应用前景。 目前对Ti02光催化剂的研究趋向两种形态，颗粒和固定在载体上的光催化 膜。固定化光催化膜材料的比表面积有限，没有颗粒光催化材料的比表面积大， 所以光催化膜的光催化效率没有颗粒光催化剂的效率高。但是颗粒光催化剂由于 粒径太小，难于从反应混合物中分离回收出来，特别是在工业废水光催化处理过 程中，由于分离困难造成颗粒光催化剂的流失率大。为了解决颗粒光催化剂的分 离回收这一关键问题，我们制备了磁载光催化剂。 我们的方法是以微米级Fe304作为载体，用溶胶一凝胶方法在Fe304表面进行 Si02和Ti02的包覆，制得磁载光催化剂Ti02／Fe304和Ti02／Si02／Fe304，研究表明： 以甲酸为催化剂经溶胶一凝胶过程在磁核Fe304表面包覆Si02后效果较好； Ti02／Si02／Fe304的磁性能和光催化活性比Ti02／Fe304的磁性能和光催化活性有显 著的提高。用光化学还原法在Ti02／Si02／Fe304表面沉积贵金属Ag和n，以提高其 光催化活性。研究表明：贵金属的沉积对Ti02／Si02／Fe304的磁性能有影响；与 Ti02／Si02／Fe304相比，适当掺杂量的Ag／Ti02／Si02／Fe304的光催化活性有所上升， Pt／Ti02／Si02／Fe304的光催化活性都有所下降。 以Cr(Ⅵ)水溶液为目标物对各样品的光催化活性进行了评价，并对影响光 催化效率的因素，如Cr(VI)溶液初始浓度，光催化剂的加入量，溶液的pH值， 重复使用次数，进行了考察。 关键词：光催化，磁性，溶胶～凝胶法，六价铬，贵金属 ABSTRACTPhotocatalytic ABSTRACT Photocatalytic technology has special advantages in the treatment of wastewater with heavy metal ions，especially,the treatment of wastewater which has complicated compositions and low concentration，SO this technology has a promising prospect． At present，the research about Ti02 form has two tendencies：one is Ti02 powder, another is Ti02 membrane．Compared with Ti02 membrane，Ti02 powder has the larger surface；therefore，its photocatalytic activity is higher．But Ti02 powder is difficult to be separated from reactants for its small particle diameter．Especially in the system of industrial wastewater,Ti02 powder has big lost rate when to be separated． In order to solve the problem of Ti02 powder’S separation and reuse，we prepared magnetic photocatalyst． Our methods are as follows：by using micron-sized Fe304 as support，prepare Ti02 and Si02 coatings on the surface of Fe304 tO get Ti02／Fe304 and Ti02／Si02／Fe304 by sol-gel method．The results indicated that using HCOOH as catalyst tO prepare Si02 coating had a better effect by sol-gel process； Ti02／Si02／Fe304 has better magnetic performances and photocatalytic activity than that of Ti02／Fe304．Then we deposited noble-metal Ag and Pt 011 t