大学英语课件unit10animalresearchisvital__tomedicine.pptVIP

Unit 10 Animal Research Is Vital to Medicine Part I (Para 1) Opening paragraph. The writers clearly and specifically bring out the theme of the essay: animal research is vital to medical research. Part II (Para 2-15) Body part of the essay. The writers point out six pieces of evidence to support their argument and develop the theme that animal experiment plays a crucial role in the development of modern medical treatments. Part III (Para 16) Concluding paragraph. The writers reiterate the theme of the essay: We find it difficult to imagine how progress in this field can be achieved in the future without animal experiments. (Para 16: last 4 lines) Characteristics 1. Argument: animal research is vital to medicine “Indeed. We cannot think of an area of medical research that does not owe many of its most important advances to animal experiments.” The effective use of the rhetorical device of double negation to emphasize the thesis /topic statement. 2. the repetition of the similar thesis /topic statement in great varieties throughout the text to emphasize the theme of the essay: a. experiments using animals have played a crucial role...(Para 1, L1-4). b. Indeed, we cannot think of an area of medical research...(Para 1. Lll-13) c. animal experiments had been essential to.. .(Para 5, Lll-13) d. It is hard to imagine how...(Para 10, L5-8) e. Research on animals has been vital to ...(Para 11 LI) f. Animal research has been instrumental in ...(Para 13 L2-3) g. We find it difficult to imagine how progress in this field… can be achieved in the future without animal experiments. (Para 16, L 10-13) 3. The use of a wealth of examples, such as the six pieces of evidence listed above to illustrate how vital animal research is to medicine. 1. The discovery of the causes of certain debilitating diseases; Louis Pasteur (Para 2-4) 2. The development of vaccines; (Para 5) Joseph Lister 3. The development of antibiotics; (Para 7-9)Sir Alexander Fleming Gerhard Domagk 4. Org