小麦播种过程板结疏松装置的研制与应用.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2015,31(36):31-34 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 小麦播种过程板结疏松装置的研制与应用 亢秀丽，靖 华，马爱平，王裕智，崔欢虎，郑彩萍 （山西省农业科学院小麦研究所，山西临汾041000） 摘 要：为有效解除“旋耕播种镇压一体机”组件镇压辊在滚动过程中与表层土壤挤压形成的“鱼鳞状” 板结，提升小麦抗逆节本播种保苗关键技术。通过制定技术方案，在重粘、轻粘及中壤土质的田间试验 与示范，研制开发出了由支架、调节构件和疏松构件三部分组成的“小麦播种过程板结疏松装置”，经播 种期降雨较多年份的试用，可有效破除播种过程板结，为苗全、苗齐、苗壮提供了良好的表土微生境，符 合农艺技术要求；该装置具有与“旋耕播种镇压一体机”安装拆卸简捷，生产成本低、作业效率高及机手 易操作等特点。该项研究进一步完善了“旋耕播种镇压一体机”的结构与功能，拓宽了土壤适种期，为小 麦抗逆节本播种保苗提供了技术支撑。 关键词：小麦播种；表土板结；疏松装置；农业机械；保苗技术 中图分类号：S512.1；S219.05 文献标志码：A 论文编号：cja ResearchandApplicationoftheLoosenDeviceAppliedinSoilHardeningofWheatSowingProcess KangXiuli,JingHua,MaAiping,WangYuzhi,CuiHuanhu,ZhengCaiping (WheatResearchInstitute,ShanxiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Linfen041000,Shanxi,China) Abstract:Thestudyaimsto effectivelyeliminate “squamous”soilhardeningduetoextrusionofpackroller rollingofthe “rotarytillagesowingandcompactingunitymachine”andsurfacesoil,andimprovethekey technologiesincludingtheresistance,savingcost,sowingandconservingseedling.Bydesigningtechnology project,fieldtestanddemonstrationwere appliedinheavyclaysoil,lightclaysoilandmiddleloamsoil, “the loosendeviceappliedinwheatsowingprocesssoilhardening”wasdevelopedcomposingofthreeparts:stent, adjustmentcomponentsandloosencomponents,whichcouldeffectivelyeliminatesoilhardeningandprovide goodsoilmicrohabitatsforwhole,orderlyandstrongseedlingsaccordingtothedemandsofagro-techniquein wheatsowingprocessinmorerainfallyearatsowingstage.Thedevicehadcharacteristicsofsimpleinstalling anddismantlingwiththe“rotarytillagesowingandcompactingunitymachine”,aswellaslowproductioncost, highefficiencyandeasyoperation.Thestudyfurtherperfectedthestructureandfunctionof “rotarytillage sowingandcompactingunitymachine”,andwidenedthesoilsow