地震灾害救援中的应急心理救助.docxVIP

地震灾害救援中的应急心理救助 一场重大的地震灾害，在给人们生命和躯体造成巨大伤害的同时，也 给人的心理造成严重损伤，对救灾工作造成阻碍。现代意义上的救援工作， 心理救援越来越受到人们的重视，成为应急救援的重要组成部分。灾吋快 速开展应急心理救助，对受害者减轻痛苦、迅速救灾、大大减少灾害损失 具有重要的现实意义。消防部队作为地震灾害的专业救援力量，掌握必要 的心理救助技术和方法，在救援过程中积极开展心理救助，对高水准的履 行救灾职责，高质量的完成救灾任务，最大限度降低人们生命财产的损失 有十分重要的意义。 本文基于心理救助现状，分析了地震灾害心理发生的机制，心理特征 及地震灾害屮常见的心身反应，从心里伤害的时间和目标人群这两个角 度，提出了地震灾害应急心理救助的策略，归纳总结了适用于地震灾害救 援现场的应急心理救助技术。并将这些技术应用到地震灾害救援的具体案 例中，为消防部队在救援过程中科学有效的开展心理救助，提高救援能力 和效率提供参考，为降低受害人员的心理应激水平，减轻心理伤害，降低 或避免急性应激障碍和创伤后应激障碍的发生有一定的作用。 关键词 地震；灾害心理；消防部队；应急心理救助；策略 Emergency psychological rescue during the earthquakedisasters Abstract A great earthquake caused great damage to the human beings body and life as well as psychology, making obstacle for rescue. Modern-rescue work, psychological rescue is paid more and more by the world ,and it becomes the important part in emergency rescue. Carrying out fast emergency psychological rescue in disasters has great realistic significance to relief the pain of disaster victims, rescue quickly and reduce losses greatly fire service acts a protessional rescue force in the earthquake,mastering necessary psychological rescue techniglle and method ,carrying out psychological rescue actively fulfil disaster rescue with high standard. Complete rescue task with high quality, reduce peoples losses of possession at the most is very important, in course of rescue characters of earthquake psychology and common psychology reaction in earthquake was analyzed in this paper according to present psychological rescue. From the two points of time and psychological damage and target crowd, put forward the strategy of earthquake and emergencypsyc ho logical rescue, summarized the suitable.Emergency psychological rescue, and applied all these techniques in exact earthquake rescue cases, which supplied reference for Fire Service to carry out psychological rescue scientifically and efficiently, improvd rescue ability and efficiency in course of rescue. It has certain effect to reduce the emergency psychological le