基于稳定同位素示踪的流域颗粒有机物质来源辨析.PDF

中国环境科学 2010,30(9) ：1257~1267 China Environmental Science 基于稳定同位素示踪的流域颗粒有机物质来源辨析 唐艳凌,章光新* ( 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,吉林 长春 130012) 摘要：为有效控制流域水质污染,保证饮用水水源的水质安全,通过采集和测定流域内土壤、植物以及河流断面水体悬浮颗粒有机质(POM) 在枯水期和丰水期的碳、氮稳定同位素值和 C/N 比值,对石头口门水库汇水流域水体 POM 的来源进行研究.结果表明,水体中 POM 主要来 源于土壤有机质,其贡献为 69.2%,藻类等大型水生生物和浮游植物的贡献分别为 23.1%和 7.7%.流域水体中 POM 的来源存在时空差异.丰 水期,浮游植物和藻类等大型水生植物的贡献均为 15.4%,而枯水期后者的贡献提高到了 30.8%.水体 POM 主要来源于双阳河和饮马河下游 的土壤有机质,说明该区域土壤侵蚀较重,易发生非点源污染;岔路河和饮马河上游支流小黄河,水体 POM 以浮游植物的贡献占主导,其贡献 分别为86.3%和94.8%,这些区域侵蚀较弱,非点源污染发生的风险小;大中型水库区域的POM 主要由藻类等大型水生植物贡献,表明悬浮颗 粒物在进入水库后可能发生了明显沉积. 关键词：非点源污染；碳、氮稳定同位素；悬浮颗粒有机质；石头口门水库 中图分类号：X142 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2010)09-1257-11 Identifying sources of particles organic matter in surface water based on stable isotope tracing on basin scale. * TANG Yan-ling, ZHANG Guang-xin (Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, China) China Environmental Science, 2010,30(9) ：1257~1267 Abstract ：In order to assure the safety of surface drinking water, the sources of suspended particulate organic matter (POM) were studied in this paper by stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes analysis and elemental C/N ratios measure of POM. Soil and plant samples were collected in Shitoukoumen Reservoir Basin. The results showed that POM mainly sourced from soil organic matter which possessed 69.2%. Macrophyte was the second important contributor (23.1%). In addition, phytoplankton was also one of the sources of POM, accounting for 7.7%. The sources of POM existed seasonal and spatial variations. Over rainy season, the contributions of phytoplankton and Macrophytes to POM re