奥迪A5盘式制动系统的设计与优化-毕设论文.doc

哈尔滨工业大学本科生毕业论文(设计） PAGE - PAGE I - 奥迪A5盘式制动系统的设计与优化 摘 要 本文对盘式制动器的结构和功能做出了介绍，分析了盘式制动器在设计过程中必须满足的性能要求、技术规范和约束条件，并对盘式制动器和鼓式制动器的优、缺点做出了比较。盘式制动器较鼓式制动器而言，具有散热性好、制动效能稳定、抗水衰退能力强、易于保养和维修等优点，但是其主要缺点是摩擦衬块工作面积小，磨损快，使用寿命低。 根据奥迪A5车型的各参数，进行了其前后轮盘式制动器的设计。确定该制动系的各参数，计算出盘式制动器各零件的尺寸，并对设计结果进行校核，满足设计要求。为了提高盘式制动器的制动效能并保持较好的抗热衰退性能，本文还对盘式制动器的制动效能和温升等提出要求，在满足基本性能指标和约束条件的基础上，对盘式制动器的制动盘、摩擦衬块以及制动轮缸的尺寸进行全面优化。分别以制动力矩最大、摩擦衬块间温升最小和温升与力矩之比最小为优化目标，建立数学模型，采用MATLAB软件进行优化计算，得出了较理想的优化结果。 关键词：盘式制动器；设计与优化；数学建模；MATLAB The Design and Optimization of Disc Brake Abstract For a better understanding of disc brakes, this paper studied a presentation of the structure and function of disc brakes. And the performance requirements, technical specifications and constraints are analyzes to be met in the design process of disc brakes. Then it makes a comparison of advantages and disadvantages of disc brakes and drum brakes. Compared with drum brakes, disc brakes have good heat dissipation, braking performance stability, resistance to water recession and are easy to be maintained and repaired, etc. But its main drawback is the small size of friction pad, severe wear and low life. According to the parameters of Audi A5 models, the front and back disc brakes are designed. The design results are checked to meet the design requirements. In order to improve the performance of disc brakes and to maintain good thermal recession performance, this article also requires that disc brake performance and temperature to meet the requirements, Based on the indicators of performance and constraints, the brake disks, the friction pad and the brake cylinder are fully optimized. Respectively, the maximum braking torque, the minimum temperature rise between the friction pads and the minimum ratio between temperature and braking torque are treated as optimization objective by establishing a mathematical model. This paper solved optimization calculation with MATLAB software, and obtained more satisfactory optimization results. Keyw